ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2016
Transcriptome sequencing reveals that LPS-triggered transcriptional responses in established microglia BV2 cell lines are poorly representative of primary microglia.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microglial Immunometabolic Remodeling After Ischemic Stroke: The Interplay Between Mitochondrial Stress and the Ischemic Microenvironment.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- Maternal sleep deprivation reshapes offspring hippocampal development through a Trem2-centered microglial program revealed by single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Correlative Effects of PARP12 mRNA Knockdown on Pro-inflammatory Gene Expression and Alternative Splicing in BV2 Microglial Cells.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- The Kynurenine Pathway: Unraveling Its Role in Neurological Disorders via Mammalian Cellular Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Integrative multi-omics reveals MHC class II-mediated neuroinflammation and systemic metabolic dysregulation as transdiagnostic drivers in major brain disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Polydatin Inhibits Neuroinflammation in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Suppressing the CXCL3/CXCR2 Axis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- The Translational Medicine Regarding Ozone in Saline Solutions. Comment on Armeli et al. Ozone Saline Solution Polarizes Microglial Cells Towards an Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sustained Transcriptional Response to Lipopolysaccharide and Interleukin-4 in an Immortalized Mouse Microglial Cell Line.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- GPR40 Attenuates Age-Related Macular Degeneration by Suppressing Retinal Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Via ERK Signaling.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Direct toll-like receptor 4 inhibition in Alzheimer's disease models: a focused scoping review of inflammatory, amyloid-handling, and functional outcomes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Glial Cells as Central Players in Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Damage Caused by Bacterial Pneumonia.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- HMC3 revealed: how much do these "Microglia" really tell us?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Controlled Delivery of a Neurotrophic Factor in the Adult Mouse Brain Using Engineered Microglia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Forced polarisation of microglia by IL-13 is modified by inflammatory and microenvironmental context.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Spi1 aggravates neuropathic pain by modulating Clec7a-mediated neuroinflammation and microglial phagocytosis.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Article
- Brain-derived textiloma post glioblastoma resection and application of oxidized regenerated cellulose: A pilot, bedside-to-bench, translational study.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Inhibition of Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain (BET) Proteins Protects Against Microglia-Mediated Neuronal Loss In Vitro.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Article
- Wilms' tumor 1-associated protein aggravates ischemic stroke by promoting M1 polarization of microglia by enhancing PTGS2 mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner.Cell biology international · 2025Article
- Topological identification and interpretation for single-cell epigenetic regulation elucidation in multi-tasks using scAGDE.Nature communications · 2025Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMicroglia are resident myeloid cells in the CNS that are activated by infection, neuronal injury, and inflammation. Established BV2 microglial cell lines have been the primary in vitro models used to study neuroinflammation for more than a decade because they reduce the requirement of continuously maintaining cell preparations and animal experimentation models. However, doubt has recently been raised regarding the value of BV2 cell lines as a model system.
methodsWe used triplicate RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the molecular signature of primary and BV2 microglial cell lines using two transcriptomic techniques: global transcriptomic biological triplicate RNA-seq and quantitative real-time PCR. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) to identify transcription factor (TF) motifs (-950 to +50 bp of the 5' upstream promoters) and epigenetic mechanisms.
resultsSequencing assessment and quality evaluation revealed that primary microglia have a distinct transcriptomic signature and express a unique cluster of transcripts in response to lipopolysaccharide. This microglial signature was not observed in BV2 microglial cell lines. Importantly, we observed that previously unidentified TFs (i.e., IRF2, IRF5, IRF8, STAT1, STAT2, and STAT5A) and the epigenetic regulators KDM1A, NSD3, and SETDB2 were significantly and selectively expressed in primary microglia (PM). Although transcriptomic alterations known to occur in BV2 microglial cell lines were identified in PM, we also observed several novel transcriptomic alterations in PM that are not frequently observed in BV2 microglial cell lines.
conclusionsCollectively, these unprecedented findings demonstrate that established BV2 microglial cell lines are probably a poor representation of PM, and we establish a resource for future studies of neuroinflammation.
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