ArticleEnvironment international2016
Urinary biomarkers of flame retardant exposure among collegiate U.S. gymnasts.
Article in Environment international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Prenatal exposure to organophosphate ester flame retardants and behavioral outcomes in early childhood in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort.Environment international · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of Organophosphate and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants of American Workers and Associations with Inhalation and Dermal Exposures.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Associations of Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardant Exposures during Pregnancy with Gestational Duration and Fetal Growth: The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Worker exposure to flame retardants in manufacturing, construction and service industries.Environment international · 2020Article
- Prenatal exposure to organophosphate esters and behavioral development in young children in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study.Neurotoxicology · 2019Observational
- Intervention to reduce gymnast exposure to flame retardants from pit foam: A case study.Environment international · 2019Article
- Associations between urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and measures of adiposity among U.S. children and adults: NHANES 2013-2014.Environment international · 2019Article
- Flame retardant exposure assessment: findings from a behavioral intervention study.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2019Article
- Prenatal exposure to organophosphates and associations with birthweight and gestational length.Environment international · 2018Article
- Exposure to organophosphate flame retardants in spray polyurethane foam applicators: Role of dermal exposure.Environment international · 2018Article
- Variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of organophosphate flame retardant metabolites among pregnant women in Rhode Island.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Article
- Temporal Trends in Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the United States.Environmental science & technology letters · 2017Article
- Do flame retardant chemicals increase the risk for thyroid dysregulation and cancer?Current opinion in oncology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Flame retardants are widely used in polyurethane foam materials including gymnastics safety equipment such as pit cubes and landing mats. We previously reported elevated concentrations of flame retardants in the air and dust of a U.S. gymnastics training facility and elevated PentaBDE in the serum of collegiate gymnasts. Our objective in this pilot study was to compare urinary biomarkers of exposure to other flame retardants and additives of polyurethane foam including tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP), triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) and 2-ethylhexyl- 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB) in samples collected from 11 collegiate gymnasts before and after a gymnastics practice (n=53 urine samples total). We identified a 50% increase in the TPHP biomarker (p=0.03) from before to after practice, a non-significant 22% increase in the TDCIPP biomarker (p=0.14) and no change for the EH-TBB biomarker. These preliminary results indicate that the gymnastics training environment can be a source of recreational exposure to flame retardants. Such exposures are likely widespread, as we identified flame retardants in 89% of foam samples collected from gyms across the U.S.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.