ReviewImmunogenetics2016
MAIT, MR1, microbes and riboflavin: a paradigm for the co-evolution of invariant TCRs and restricting MHCI-like molecules?
Review in Immunogenetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mining the multifunction of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in hematological malignancies and transplantation immunity: A promising hexagon soldier in immunomodulatory.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Gut archaea drive human MAIT cell responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Innovative gene engineering strategies to address tumor antigen escape in cell therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Human antibody targetingmBio · 2025Article
- Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells in pulmonary pathophysiology.Current opinion in pulmonary medicine · 2025Review
- MAIT cells: Conserved watchers on the wall.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- MAIT cells monitor intestinal dysbiosis and contribute to host protection during colitis.Science immunology · 2024Article
- MR1 antigen presentation to MAIT cells and other MR1-restricted T cells.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- MAITs and their mates: "Innate-like" behaviors in conventional and unconventional T cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- Role of MR1-driven signals and amphiregulin on the recruitment and repair function of MAIT cells during skin wound healing.Immunity · 2023Article
- MAIT cells and the microbiome.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Emerging features of MAIT cells and other unconventional T cell populations in human viral disease and vaccination.Seminars in immunology · 2022Review
- γδ T, NKT, and MAIT Cells During Evolution: Redundancy or Specialized Functions?Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Review
- Exploring the Role of Innate Lymphocytes in the Immune System of Bats and Virus-Host Interactions.Viruses · 2022Review
- Review
- Human MAIT cells are devoid of alloreactive potential: prompting their use as universal cells for adoptive immune therapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Review
- Article
- The Potential Roles of Mucosa-Associated Invariant T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Gut Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
MAIT cells express an invariant TCR that recognizes non-peptidic microbial antigens presented by the non-polymorphic MHCI-like molecule, MR1. We briefly describe how the antigens recognized by MAIT cells are generated from an unstable precursor of the riboflavin (Vitamin B2) biosynthesis pathway, as well as the main features of MAIT cells in comparison with other related T cell subsets. In silico analysis of bacterial genomes shows that the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway is highly prevalent in all groups of Prokaryotes with, however, notable exceptions. We discuss the putative functions and the evolution of the MAIT/MR1 couple: it appeared in the ancestors of mammals and is highly conserved across this group, but was independently lost in three orders. We describe the four instances of known invariant TCR and MHC-I-like molecules encountered in Vertebrates. Both T cells bearing semi-invariant TCR and the associated, evolutionarily conserved MHC-I related molecules have been found in mammals or in amphibians, which suggests that other MHC1-like/invariant TCR couples might be present in other classes of Vertebrates to detect generic microbial compounds. This allows us to discuss how the recognition of riboflavin precursor derivatives by the MAIT TCR may be a way to detect invasive microbes in specific organs, and may epitomize other invariant T cell systems across vertebrates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.