Trial reportPloS one2016
Low-Grade Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Risk of Invasive Post-Menopausal Breast Cancer - A Nested Case-Control Study from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and Future Potential for Intervention Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Inflammatory biomarkers and risk of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: a case-cohort analysis.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Exercise and Brain Health in Postmenopausal Women: A Review of Cognitive Benefits, Mechanisms, and Neurodegeneration Prevention.NeuroSci · 2026Review
- The role of body mass index and tumor necrosis factor α in breast cancer development: a case-control study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Obesity, chronic breast inflammation and carcinogenesis: Molecular pathways and clinical implications (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Age-related and postmenopausal breast cancer progression and treatment management: The significance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Proinflammatory dietary pattern and risk of total and subtypes of breast cancer among US women.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Increased oxidative stress responses in murine macrophages exposed at the air-liquid interface to third- and fourth-generation electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) aerosols.Toxicology reports · 2023Article
- Are dietary and serum advanced glycation end-products related to inflammation and oxidation biomarkers in breast cancer patients: a follow-up study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Linking Physical Activity to Breast Cancer via Inflammation, Part 2: The Effect of Inflammation on Breast Cancer Risk.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Sex hormone-dependent and -independent regulation of serum BAFF and TNF in cohorts of transgender and cisgender men and women.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Cancer-Associated Adipocytes and Breast Cancer: Intertwining in the Tumor Microenvironment and Challenges for Cancer Therapy.Cancers · 2023Review
- Circulating inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines and breast cancer risk-a case-control study nested within the EPIC cohort.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Air pollution and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease and inflammation in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Association between novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation indices with risk of breast cancer (BrCa): a case-control study.Nutrition journal · 2022Article
- LIPG endothelial lipase and breast cancer risk by subtypes.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Mechanistic Targets and Nutritionally Relevant Intervention Strategies to Break Obesity-Breast Cancer Links.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Review
- Altered inflammasome machinery as a key player in the perpetuation of Rett syndrome oxinflammation.Redox biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAlthough cancer promotes inflammation, the role of inflammation in tumor-genesis is less well established. The aim was to examine if low-grade inflammation is related to post-menopausal breast cancer risk, and if obesity modifies this association.
methodsIn the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, a nested case-control study was defined among 8,513 women free of cancer and aged 55-73 years at baseline (1991-96); 459 were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during follow-up (until December 31st, 2010). In laboratory analyses of blood from 446 cases, and 885 controls (matched on age and date of blood sampling) we examined systemic inflammation markers: oxidized (ox)-LDL, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, white blood cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for breast cancer risk was calculated using multivariable conditional logistic regression.
resultsInverse associations with breast cancer were seen in fully-adjusted models, for 2nd and 3rd tertiles of ox-LDL, OR (95% CI): 0.65 (0.47-0.90), 0.63 (0.45-0.89) respectively, p-trend = 0.01; and for the 3rd tertile of TNF-α, 0.65 (0.43-0.99), p-trend = 0.04. In contrast, those in the highest IL-1β category had higher risk, 1.71 (1.05-2.79), p-trend = 0.01. Obesity did not modify associations between inflammation biomarkers and breast cancer.
conclusionOur study does not suggest that low-grade inflammation increase the risk of post-menopausal breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.