ReviewTrends in immunology2016
IL-21 and T Cell Differentiation: Consider the Context.
Review in Trends in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Repeated COVID-19 Vaccination Drives Memory T- and B-cell Responses in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Results From a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.Transplantation · 2024Trial
- HIF-1αImmunity · 2026Article
- HIF-2α induction in de novo lipogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is dependent on IL-21 signaling.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle Immunoadjuvant Complexes Augment Germinal Center Responses to Vaccination.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- COVID-19 boosters restore virus-specific immune responses in kidney transplant recipients unresponsive to primary vaccination.Npj viruses · 2026Article
- Chronic IL-21 exposure reshapes pulmonary environment, elevating risk of respiratory diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Advances in IL-2 Family Cytokine-Based Cancer Therapies: Overcoming Challenges Through Molecular Engineering and Delivery Strategies.Immune network · 2026Review
- Granulomatous mastitis: from localized inflammation to systemic immune-mediated disorder.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Differential Effect of Cytokines on CD4+ T-Cell Activation, Metabolism, and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- How Cytokines Regulate Immune Response Toward Chronic Allograft Rejection?Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Engineering IL-21 secretion in T cells using druggable ligand-responsive stabilized domains.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota profile, potential engineering techniques and its genetic and epigenetic implications in poultry health.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025Review
- Review
- A safe, T cell-inducing heterologous vaccine against elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus in a proof-of-concept study.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Delineation of the Human Germinal Centre Immune Landscape Using Multiplex Imaging Analysis.Immunology · 2025Article
- Loss of YTHDF2 enhances Th9 programming and CAR-Th9 cell antitumor efficacy.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Interleukin 21-Armed EGFR-VHH-CAR-T Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Dendritic cell targeting in lymph nodes with modular adapters boosts HAdV5 and HC-HAdV5 tumor vaccination by co-secretion of IL-2v and IL-21.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Use of JAK Inhibitors in Lichen Planus: An Update.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- A unique inflammaging profile generated by T cells from people with obesity is metformin resistant.GeroScience · 2025Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Accumulating studies demonstrate that IL-21 modulates the differentiation of various CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets and provide insights into the underlying cellular and molecular processes that are influenced by this cytokine. Intriguingly, the effects of IL-21 on T cells can be complex and vary depending on the experimental system used. We review our current understanding of the roles of IL-21 in the generation of phenotypically distinct CD4 and CD8 T cell populations and discuss the potential environmental cues, cellular factors, and molecular mediators that impact the actions of IL-21. We propose that IL-21 acts in a context-dependent manner to accentuate T cell subset development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.