ArticleScientific reports2016
Tick holocyclotoxins trigger host paralysis by presynaptic inhibition.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comprehensive analysis of the global impact and distribution of tick paralysis, a deadly neurological yet fully reversible condition.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Prospective Study of 506 Dogs with Tick Paralysis: Investigating Measures of Severity and Clinical Signs as Predictors of Mortality and Assessing the Benefits of Different Therapeutics.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- The Acari Hypothesis, IV: revisiting the role of hygiene in allergy.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Article
- Efficacy and safety of Felpreva®, a spot-on formulation for cats containing emodepside, praziquantel and tigolaner against experimental infestation with the Australian paralysis tickCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2023Article
- Elective cricothyrotomy in a dog with transient laryngeal paralysis secondary to Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus) envenomation.Australian veterinary journal · 2022Article
- Host Immune Responses to Salivary Components - A Critical Facet of Tick-Host Interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Immunomic Investigation of Holocyclotoxins to Produce the First Protective Anti-Venom Vaccine Against the Australian Paralysis Tick,Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Tick saliva protein Evasin-3 modulates chemotaxis by disrupting CXCL8 interactions with glycosaminoglycans and CXCR2.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2019Article
- Chemical Equilibrium at the Tick-Host Feeding Interface:A Critical Examination of Biological Relevance in Hematophagous Behavior.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Human Tick-Borne Diseases in Australia.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Investigation of the efficacy of fluralaner spot-on (Bravecto®) against infestations of Ixodes holocyclus on cats.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Tick Paralysis: Solving an Enigma.Veterinary sciences · 2018Review
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Motor Neuron Disease in Australian Dogs and Cats.Journal of veterinary medicine · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ticks are important vectors of pathogens and secreted neurotoxins with approximately 69 out of 692 tick species having the ability to induce severe toxicoses in their hosts. The Australian paralysis tick (Ixodes holocyclus) is known to be one of the most virulent tick species producing a flaccid paralysis and fatalities caused by a family of neurotoxins known as holocyclotoxins (HTs). The paralysis mechanism of these toxins is temperature dependent and is thought to involve inhibition of acetylcholine levels at the neuromuscular junction. However, the target and mechanism of this inhibition remain uncharacterised. Here, we report that three members of the holocyclotoxin family; HT-1 (GenBank AY766147), HT-3 (GenBank KP096303) and HT-12 (GenBank KP963967) induce muscle paralysis by inhibiting the dependence of transmitter release on extracellular calcium. Previous study was conducted using extracts from tick salivary glands, while the present study is the first to use pure toxins from I. holocyclus. Our findings provide greater insight into the mechanisms by which these toxins act to induce paralysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.