ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
The Immunomodulatory Role of Adjuvants in Vaccines Formulated with the Recombinant Antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 against Onchocerca volvulus in Mice.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Randomized controlled trial demonstrating the benefits of delta inulin adjuvanted immunotherapy in patients with bee venom allergy.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of an adjuvanted human onchocerciasis vaccine candidate,Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Vaccination against Onchocerca volvulus induces IgG-mediated protective immunity dependent on neutrophils and complement.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Challenges and opportunities on achieving an adequate delivery efficiency and immunogenicity with peptide-based anticancer vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Enhanced protective immunity against Baylisascaris schroederi infection in mice through a multi-antigen cocktail vaccine approach.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Article
- Eosinophil: An innate immune cell with anti-filarial vaccine and biomarker potential.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Co-Administration of Adjuvanted RecombinantVaccines · 2022Article
- Adjuvants: Engineering Protective Immune Responses in Human and Veterinary Vaccines.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Review
- Advancing a Human Onchocerciasis Vaccine From Antigen Discovery to Efficacy Studies Against Natural Infection of Cattle WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Onchocerca volvulus bivalent subunit vaccine induces protective immunity in genetically diverse collaborative cross recombinant inbred intercross mice.NPJ vaccines · 2021Article
- Computational Design and Preliminary Serological Analysis of a Novel Multi-Epitope Vaccine Candidate against Onchocerciasis and Related Filarial Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Promising Technologies in the Field of Helminth Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Antibody responses against the vaccine antigens Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 are associated with protective immunity to Onchocerca volvulus infection in both mice and humans.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- In-silico design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against onchocerciasis and related filarial diseases.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Onchocerca volvulus: The Road from Basic Biology to a Vaccine.Trends in parasitology · 2018Review
- Advax4 delta inulin combination adjuvant together with ECMX, a fusion construct of four protective mTB antigens, induces a potent Th1 immune response and protects mice against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Article
- Yeast-expressed recombinant As16 protects mice against Ascaris suum infection through induction of a Th2-skewed immune response.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- The role of 'omics' in the quest to eliminate human filariasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn some regions in Africa, elimination of onchocerciasis may be possible with mass drug administration, although there is concern based on several factors that onchocerciasis cannot be eliminated solely through this approach. A vaccine against Onchocerca volvulus would provide a critical tool for the ultimate elimination of this infection. Previous studies have demonstrated that immunization of mice with Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2, when formulated with alum, induced protective immunity. It was hypothesized that the levels of protective immunity induced with the two recombinant antigens formulated with alum would be improved by formulation with other adjuvants known to enhance different types of antigen-specific immune responses. METHODOLOGY/ PRINCIPAL
findingsImmunizing mice with Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 in conjunction with alum, Advax 2 and MF59 induced significant levels of larval killing and host protection. The immune response was biased towards Th2 with all three of the adjuvants, with IgG1 the dominant antibody. Improved larval killing and host protection was observed in mice immunized with co-administered Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 in conjunction with each of the three adjuvants as compared to single immunizations. Antigen-specific antibody titers were significantly increased in mice immunized concurrently with the two antigens. Based on chemokine levels, it appears that neutrophils and eosinophils participate in the protective immune response induced by Ov-103, and macrophages and neutrophils participate in immunity induced by Ov-RAL-2. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The mechanism of protective immunity induced by Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2, with the adjuvants alum, Advax 2 and MF59, appears to be multifactorial with roles for cytokines, chemokines, antibody and specific effector cells. The vaccines developed in this study have the potential of reducing the morbidity associated with onchocerciasis in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.