ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2016
Persistent effects of chlorine inhalation on respiratory health.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Airborne chloride exposure and benign prostatic hyperplasia risk.BMC research notes · 2025Article
- Natural Antiseptics in Veterinary Practice: Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Surface water quality evaluation of the historic Esinmirin River of antiquity, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Bronchoscopic lung lavage and exogenous surfactant successfully reverse respiratory failure after severe chlorine exposure: A pediatric case report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Chlorine gas poisoning by trichloroisocyanuric acid and respiratory failure: a case report of a 49-year-old patient.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Chemical Warfare Through the Ages: A Systematic Review From Antiquity to the Present.Journal of toxicology · 2025Review
- Chlorine-Induced Lung Injury From Hot Tub Exposure.Cureus · 2024Article
- Quantitative assessment of chlorine gas inhalation injury based on endoscopic OCT and spectral encoded interferometric microscope imaging with deep learning.APL photonics · 2024Article
- Immune dysregulation as a driver of bronchiolitis obliterans.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Textronic Solutions Used to Produce Layers Sensitive to Chemical Stimuli-Gas Sensors: A Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists protect against hydrochloric acid-induced endothelial injury in vitro.Environmental toxicology and pharmacology · 2023Article
- Protective effects of pentoxifylline against chlorine-induced acute lung injury in rats.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2023Article
- Article
- Chlorination in the pandemic times: The current state of the art for monitoring chlorine residual in water and chlorine exposure in air.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- Exposure to Sodium Hypochlorite or Cigarette Smoke Induces Lung Injury and Mechanical Impairment in Wistar Rats.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Clinical Features and Outcomes of Acute Chlorine Gas Inhalation; a Brief Report.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Hypochlorous Acid: From Innate Immune Factor and Environmental Toxicant to Chemopreventive Agent Targeting Solar UV-Induced Skin Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Adult with mass burnt lime aspiration: A case report and literature review.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Dual-purpose high-efficiency air filter paper loaded with reactive zirconium hydroxide for the filtration aerosols and degradation of chemical warfare agents.RSC advances · 2021Article
- Halogen-Induced Chemical Injury to the Mammalian Cardiopulmonary Systems.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chlorine gas is a toxic respiratory irritant that is considered a chemical threat agent because of the potential for release in industrial accidents or terrorist attacks. Chlorine inhalation damages the respiratory tract, including the airways and distal lung, and can result in acute lung injury. Some individuals exposed to chlorine experience a full recovery from acute injury, whereas others develop persistent adverse effects, such as respiratory symptoms, inflammation, and lung-function decrements. In animal models, chlorine can produce persistent inflammation, remodeling, and obstruction in large or small airways, depending on species. Airways with pseudostratified epithelia are repaired efficiently, with surviving basal epithelial cells serving as progenitor cells that repopulate the complement of differentiated cell types. Distal airways lacking basal cells are repaired less efficiently, leading to chronic inflammation and fibrosis at these sites. Persistent chlorine-induced airway disease in humans is treated with asthma medication to relieve symptoms. However, such treatment does not ameliorate the underlying disease pathogenesis, so treatments that are more effective at preventing initial development of airway disease after irritant gas exposure and at reversing established disease are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.