ArticleCritical care (London, England)2016
The intensive care infection score - a novel marker for the prediction of infection and its severity.
Article in Critical care (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Procalcitonin to Guide Obtaining Bloodcultures in the ICU. Intensive Care Infection Score.
The Intensive Care Infection Score in Adult and Paediatric Burns in Comparison to Other Inflammatory Markers
PAN-ICIS: Prospective Observational Study Evaluating the Intensive Care Infection Score for Early Detection of Infectious Complications After Pancreatic Resections
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diagnostic performance of procalcitonin and presepsin in sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC emergency medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Inverse Correlation Between Plasma Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Ceramide Concentrations in Septic Patients and Their Utility in Predicting Mortality.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2019Trial
- Early identification of infectious complications in pediatric burn patients: a prospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Time stability of Intensive Care Infection Score (ICIS) as a cellular hematology biomarker for infection in critically ill patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Rethinking the Kinetics of Extended WBC Differential Count and Inflammatory Index Marker in Secondary Dengue Infection: Case Report at University Hospital.International medical case reports journal · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a diagnostic model for late-onset neonatal sepsis using the haematological profile: a retrospective cohort study.Intensive care medicine. Paediatric and neonatal · 2026Article
- Novel Neutrophilic Parameters of the Sysmex XN-1000V for the Prediction of Inflammation in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Cell population data for early detection of sepsis in patients with suspected infection in the emergency department.Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- Intensive care infection score: ICIS discriminates between infected and uninfected critically ill patients in routine intensive care unit practice.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Score Predicts Survival Benefit of Immunotherapy in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2024Article
- Integrating Routine Hematological and Extended Inflammatory Parameters as a Novel Approach for Timely Diagnosis and Prognosis in Sepsis Management.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Observational
- Efficacy of blood parameters as indicators of the need for overdue urgent cholecystectomy in elderly patients with acute cholecystitis.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2023Article
- Exploring Extended White Blood Cell Parameters for the Evaluation of Sepsis among Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intensive Care Infection Score (ICIS) is elevated in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 in the early stages of disease.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Article
- Risk Estimation for Infection in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Development and Validation of a Predictive Score.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Machine learning identification of specific changes in myeloid cell phenotype during bloodstream infections.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Biochemical Analysis of Leukocytes after In Vitro and In Vivo Activation with Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens Using Raman Spectroscopy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Reticulocyte and Erythrocyte Hemoglobin Parameters for Iron Deficiency and Anemia Diagnostics in Patient Blood Management. A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Mining of a Clinical Database: The Interpretation of Intense Serial Procalcitonin in the Prediction for Bloodstream Infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prediction of infection and its severity remains difficult in the critically ill. A novel, simple biomarker derived from five blood-cell derived parameters that characterize the innate immune response in routine blood samples, the intensive care infection score (ICIS), could be helpful in this respect. We therefore compared the predictive value of the ICIS with that of the white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) for infection and its severity in critically ill patients.
methodsWe performed a multicenter, cluster-randomized, crossover study in critically ill patients between January 2013 and September 2014. Patients with a suspected infection for which blood cultures were taken by the attending intensivist were included. Blood was taken at the same time for WBC, ICIS, CRP and PCT measurements in the control study periods. Results of imaging and cultures were collected. Patients were divided into groups of increasing likelihood of infection and invasiveness: group 1 without infection or with possible infection irrespective of cultures, group 2 with probable or microbiologically proven local infection without blood stream infection (BSI) and group 3 with BSI irrespective of local infection. Septic shock was assessed.
resultsIn total, 301 patients were enrolled. CRP, PCT and ICIS were higher in groups 2 and 3 than group 1. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for the prediction of infection was 0.70 for CRP, 0.71 for PCT and 0.73 for ICIS (P < 0.001). For the prediction of septic shock the AUROC was 0.73 for CRP, 0.85 for PCT and 0.76 for ICIS. These AUROC did not differ from each other.
conclusionThe data suggest that the ICIS is potentially useful for the prediction of infection and its severity in critically ill patients, non-inferiorly to CRP and PCT. In contrast to CRP and PCT, the ICIS can be determined routinely without extra blood sampling and lower costs, yielding results within 15 minutes.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ID NCT01847079 . Registered on 24 April 2013.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.