ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2016
Retinal microvascular diameter, a hypertension-related trait, in ECG-gated vs. non-gated images analyzed by IVAN and SIVA.
Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between cognition and the retinal microvasculature in 11-year old children born preterm or at term.Early human development · 2018Trial
- VascX Models: Deep Ensembles for Retinal Vascular Analysis From Color Fundus Images.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Myocardial Blood Flow and the Retinal Microvasculature Across the Spectrum From Normal to Failing Hearts.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- Non-Invasive Retinal Vessel Analysis as a Predictor for Cardiovascular Disease.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Automated Retinal Vessel Analysis Based on Fundus Photographs as a Predictor for Non-Ophthalmic Diseases-Evolution and Perspectives.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Concordance between SIVA, IVAN, and VAMPIRE Software Tools for Semi-Automated Analysis of Retinal Vessel Caliber.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Retinal venular tortuosity and fractal dimension predict incident retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study.Diabetologia · 2021Observational
- Retinal and Renal Microvasculature in Relation to Central Hemodynamics in 11-Year-Old Children Born Preterm or At Term.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Early detection of microvascular dysfunction in hypertension: the holy grail of cardiovascular prevention and risk assessment?Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2018Article
- Reproducibility of Retinal Microvascular Traits Decoded by the Singapore I Vessel Assessment Software Across the Human Age Range.American journal of hypertension · 2018Article
- Towards Standardization of Quantitative Retinal Vascular Parameters: Comparison of SIVA and VAMPIRE Measurements in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.Translational vision science & technology · 2018Article
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16 authors.
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Abstract
The diameters of the retinal microvasculature reflect intermediate target organ damage and predict adverse health outcomes. In view of the pulsatility of the cerebral blood flow and refinement of software used for off-line analysis, we assessed the repeatability of retinal microvascular diameters in ECG-gated vs. non-gated images using nonmydriatic retinal photographs (Canon Cr-DGi visualization system) postprocessed by IVAN (Vasculomatic ala Nicola, version 1.1) or SIVA (Singapore I Vessel Assessment, version 3.6). Using these algorithms, we determined the central retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular (CRVE) equivalents and their ratio (arteriole-to-venule ratio (AVR)). The estimates of CRAE (mean, 158.5 μm), CRVE (222.5 μm) and AVR (0.71) in 10 volunteers were unaffected (P⩾0.059) by ECG gating. We assessed intragrader repeatability by the Bland and Altman approach in 30 participants with non-gated images and 30 with ECG-gated photographs. Repeatability, which was expressed as the percentage of near maximal variability (4-s.d. range), did not improve with ECG gating. Using SIVA, CRAE and CRVE were systematically larger (P⩽0.031), and the AVR estimates were similar (P⩾0.15) compared with IVAN. The differences (IVAN-SIVA) averaged -5.4 μm for CRAE, -3.9 μm for CRVE and -0.012 for AVR in the non-gated images and -3.3 μm, -6.9 μm and 0.006, respectively, in the ECG-gated photographs. In conclusion, ECG gating does not affect estimates of the retinal microvascular diameters or improve intragrader repeatability. SIVA yields slightly but significantly larger estimates of the retinal arteriolar and venular diameters. Combining historical readings analyzed by IVAN with more recent readings by SIVA is possible only for AVR and is not recommended for either CRAE or CRVE.
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