ArticleScientific reports2016
The presence of bacteria within tissue provides insights into the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Alterations of oral microbiome in oral potentially malignant disorders: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2026Pooled it
- Beyond Clinicopathological Criteria: A Practical Management Framework for Oral Lichen Planus.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Oxylipin serum profile changes in response to an open-label anti-inflammatory dietary intervention.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2025Trial
- Fusobacterium nucleatum-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Disrupt Epithelial Barrier in Oral Lichen Planus via JNK/c-JUN Mediated Claudin-4 Downregulation.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Microbial dysbiosis and host-microbe interactions in proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: insights into carcinogenic potential.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- DnaK of Parvimonas micra extracellular vesicles interacts with the host fibroblasts BAG3-IKK-γ axis to accelerate TNF-α secretion in oral lichen planus.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Etiopathogenesis of Oral Lichen Planus: A Review.Head and neck pathology · 2025Review
- Exploring the oral bacteria-oral lichen planus connection: mechanisms, clinical implications and future directions.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Probiotics and prebiotics: new treatment strategies for oral potentially malignant disorders and gastrointestinal precancerous lesions.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- The Role of TRPV1/CGRP Pathway Activated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Human oral microbiome and its influence on mental health and brain disorders.AIMS microbiology · 2025Review
- Endotracheal intubation-related oral mucosal membrane pressure injuries: a narrative review of biomechanical insights, biomaterial optimization, and intelligent monitoring.Frontiers in medical technology · 2025Review
- MMP12 disrupts epithelial barrier integrity in oral lichen planus by degrading fibronectin.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bacteriome and mycobiome dysbiosis in oral mucosal dysplasia and oral cancer.Periodontology 2000 · 2024Review
- Tinidazole mouth rinse for the treatment of oral lichen planus: an observational pilot study.BMC oral health · 2024Observational
- Roles of intralesional bacteria in the initiation and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Potential role of salivary lactic acid bacteria in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Microbial Profiles in Oral Lichen Planus: Comparisons with Healthy Controls and Erosive vs. Non-Erosive Subtypes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Role of Oral Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Development and Progression of Oral Lichen Planus.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell-mediated mucocutaneous disease of unknown etiopathogenesis. Although various antigens have been considered, what actually triggers the inflammatory response of T cells is unknown. In the present study, we propose that intracellular bacteria present within tissues trigger T cell infiltration and provide target antigens. Sections of OLP (n = 36) and normal (n = 10) oral mucosal tissues were subjected to in situ hybridization using a universal probe targeting the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and immunohistochemistry with anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD8, and anti-macrophage-specific antibodies. Bacteria were abundant throughout the epithelium and the lamina propria of OLP tissues, which exhibited positive correlations with the levels of infiltrated CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+) cells. Furthermore, bacteria were detected within the infiltrated T cells. Pyrosequencing analysis of the mucosal microbiota from OLP patients (n = 13) and control subjects (n = 11) revealed a decrease in Streptococcus and increases in gingivitis/periodontitis-associated bacteria in OLP lesions. Using the selected bacterial species, we demonstrated that certain oral bacteria damage the epithelial physical barrier, are internalized into epithelial cells or T cells, and induce production of T cell chemokines CXCL10 and CCL5. Our findings provide insights into the pathogenesis of OLP.
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