Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27382003›Full record

ReviewJournal of neuroscience methods2016

Neuroinflammation in animal models of traumatic brain injury.

Chong-Chi Chiu, Yi-En Liao, Ling-Yu Yang, Jing-Ya Wang, David Tweedie, Hanuma K Karnati, Nigel H Greig, Jia-Yi Wang

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of neuroscience methods, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
144citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
17.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

144 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Imaging a concussion and the ensuing immune response at the blood-brain barrier.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Glymphatic system: a self-purification circulation in brain.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Chong-Chi ChiuDepartment of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan.
Yi-En LiaoSchool of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ling-Yu YangGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jing-Ya WangGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
David TweedieDrug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Hanuma K KarnatiDrug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Nigel H GreigDrug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Jia-Yi WangGraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: jywang2010@tmu.edu.tw.
Taipei Medical University · TWNational Institutes of Health · USChi Mei Medical Center · TWNational Institute on Aging · US

Funding

Pro-inflammatory cytokine lowering anti-inflammatory drugsZIAAG000994 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GREIG, NIGEL H. · 2016 to 2025
$16.8M
Design And Development Of Experimental Therapeutics ((Systemic & Neurodegenerative Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease)ZIAAG000311 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GREIG, NIGEL H. · 2009 to 2025
$16.0M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AG000311Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AG000994
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Neuroinflammation is prominent in the short and long-term consequences of neuronal injuries that occur after TBI. Neuroinflammation involves the activation of glia, including microglia and astrocytes, to release inflammatory mediators within the brain, and the subsequent recruitment of peripheral immune cells. Various animal models of TBI have been developed that have proved valuable to elucidate the pathophysiology of the disorder and to assess the safety and efficacy of novel therapies prior to clinical trials. These models provide an excellent platform to delineate key injury mechanisms that associate with types of injury (concussion, contusion, and penetration injuries) that occur clinically for the investigation of mild, moderate, and severe forms of TBI. Additionally, TBI modeling in genetically engineered mice, in particular, has aided the identification of key molecules and pathways for putative injury mechanisms, as targets for development of novel therapies for human TBI. This Review details the evidence showing that neuroinflammation, characterized by the activation of microglia and astrocytes and elevated production of inflammatory mediators, is a critical process occurring in various TBI animal models, provides a broad overview of commonly used animal models of TBI, and overviews representative techniques to quantify markers of the brain inflammatory process. A better understanding of neuroinflammation could open therapeutic avenues for abrogation of secondary cell death and behavioral symptoms that may mediate the progression of TBI.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAnimalsBrainBrain Injuries, TraumaticInflammationAstrocytesControlled cortical impactGlia cellsLateralfluid percussionMeasurements evaluating neuroinflammationMicrogliaNeuroinflammationTraumatic brain injury (TBI)Weight-drop impact

Identifiers

PMID27382003
PMCPMC5201203
OpenAlexW2475265111

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.