ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2016
Staphylococcus aureus Exploits Epidermal Barrier Defects in Atopic Dermatitis to Trigger Cytokine Expression.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01494142 (Registry for the Atopic Dermatitis Research Network), which is not on this map. Cited by 196 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Registry for the Atopic Dermatitis Research Network (ADRN-02)
Who cites it
196 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 345 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation betweenFrontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Keratinocytes as active regulators of cutaneous and mucosal immunity: a systematic review across inflammatory epithelial disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Topical Mupirocin Treatment Reduces Interferon and Myeloid Signatures in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematous Lesions Through Targeting of Staphylococcus Species.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Trial
- Topical niclosamide (ATx201) reduces Staphylococcus aureus colonization and increases Shannon diversity of the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis patients in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 trial.Clinical and translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Development of a human skin commensal microbe for bacteriotherapy of atopic dermatitis and use in a phase 1 randomized clinical trial.Nature medicine · 2021Trial
- Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Simultaneous skin biome and keratinocyte genomic capture reveals microbiome differences by depth of sampling.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Trial
- IL-4Rα Blockade by Dupilumab Decreases Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Increases Microbial Diversity in Atopic Dermatitis.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2020Trial
- Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect againstScience translational medicine · 2017Trial
- Mast Cells in Host Defense Against Cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus Infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Shotgun Metagenomic Characterization of Skin Microbiome Shifts in Human Scabies Before and After Scabicidal Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluating the potential of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Root to improve atopic dermatitis with different anti-inflammatory models and active compounds.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2026Article
- Rewiring Atopic Dermatitis: Alarmin Cytokines at the Core of Barrier-Immune-Neuro-Microbiome Networks.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Fibroblasts resistScience advances · 2026Article
- Skin Microbiome in Health and Disease: Dysbiosis and the Emerging Role of Biotics in Therapy and Protection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Management of Infected, Non-Responsive Atopic Dermatitis in a Romanian Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Omics-based decoding of molecular and metabolic crosstalk in the skin barrier ecosystem.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Review
- An Ex Vivo 'Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Skin Tape Stripping: A Non-Invasive Approach Linking Epidermal Changes and Systemic Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026Review
136 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) have an abnormal skin barrier and are frequently colonized by S. aureus. In this study we investigated if S. aureus penetrates the epidermal barrier of subjects with AD and sought to understand the mechanism and functional significance of this entry. S. aureus was observed to be more abundant in the dermis of lesional skin from AD patients. Bacterial entry past the epidermis was observed in cultured human skin equivalents and in mice but was found to be increased in the skin of cathelicidin knockout and ovalbumin-sensitized filaggrin mutant mice. S. aureus penetration through the epidermis was dependent on bacterial viability and protease activity, because killed bacteria and a protease-null mutant strain of S. aureus were unable to penetrate. Entry of S. aureus directly correlated with increased expression of IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and other cytokines associated with AD and with decreased expression of cathelicidin. These data illustrate how abnormalities of the epidermal barrier in AD can alter the balance of S. aureus entry into the dermis and provide an explanation for how such dermal dysbiosis results in increased inflammatory cytokines and exacerbation of disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.