ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2016
Beyond Composite Endpoints Analysis: Semicompeting Risks as an Underutilized Framework for Cancer Research.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- DEEP LEARNING OF SEMI-COMPETING RISK DATA VIA A NEW NEURAL EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION ALGORITHM.The annals of applied statistics · 2026Article
- A Pseudo-Value Approach to Causal Deep Learning of Semi-Competing Risks.Arabian journal of mathematics · 2025Article
- Article
- Penalized estimation of frailty-based illness-death models for semi-competing risks.Biometrics · 2023Article
- Recurrence and Postoperative Death in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A New Perspective via Semi-competing Risk Framework.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2023Article
- Making Sense of Composite Endpoints in Clinical Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- High-Dimensional Survival Analysis: Methods and Applications.Annual review of statistics and its application · 2023Article
- Article
- Estimation and inference for semi-competing risks based on data from a nested case-control study.Statistical methods in medical research · 2020Article
- Invited Commentary: Opportunities That Come With Studying the Co-Occurrence of Multiple Outcomes.American journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Decision-analytic modeling as a tool for selecting optimal therapy incorporating hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematological malignancy.Bone marrow transplantation · 2020Review
- Time-to-event analysis when the event is defined on a finite time interval.Statistical methods in medical research · 2020Article
- Respiratory events associated with concomitant opioid and sedative use among Medicare beneficiaries with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BMJ open respiratory research · 2020Article
- Survival Associated With Sirolimus Plus Tacrolimus Maintenance Without Induction Therapy Compared With Standard Immunosuppression After Lung Transplant.JAMA network open · 2019Article
- SemiCompRisks: An R Package for the Analysis of Independent and Cluster-correlated Semi-competing Risks Data.The R journal · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundComposite endpoints (CEP), such as progression-free survival, are commonly used in cancer research. Notwithstanding their popularity, however, CEP analyses suffer from a number of drawbacks, especially when death is combined with a nonterminal event (ie, progression or recurrence), exemplifying the semicompeting risks setting. We investigated the semicompeting risks framework as a complementary analysis strategy that avoids certain drawbacks of CEPs.
methodsThe illness-death model under the semicompeting risks framework was compared with standard analysis approaches: CEP analyses and (separate) univariate analyses for each component endpoint. Data from a previously published phase III randomized clinical trial in metastatic colon cancer including 1419 participants in the N9741 trial (conducted between 1997 and 2003) were used to determine the impact of the loss of information associated with combining multiple endpoints, as well as of ignoring the potentially informative role of death. A simulation study was conducted to further explore these issues.
resultsFailure to account for critical features of semicompeting risks data can lead to potentially severely misleading conclusions. Advantages of semicompeting risks analyses include a clear delineation of treatment effects on both events, the ability to draw conclusions about a patient's joint risk of the two events, and an assessment of the dependence between the two event types.
conclusionsEmbedding and analyzing component outcomes in the semicompeting risks framework, either as a supplement or alternative to CEP analyses, represents an important, underutilized, and feasible opportunity for cancer research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.