ArticleJournal of Zhejiang University. Science. B2016
Thyroid dysfunction, either hyper or hypothyroidism, promotes gallstone formation by different mechanisms.
Article in Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary fiber intake and gallstones: The mediating role of serum lipids.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Article
- Hypothyroidism affects cholelithiasis causally: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Journal of biomedical research · 2025Article
- Association between sleep and gallstone disease in United States adults: A cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Can Lipid-Lowering Drugs Reduce the Risk of Cholelithiasis? A Mendelian Randomization Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2024Article
- The correlation between urinary iodine levels and gallstone risk: elevated iodine intake linked to gallstone occurrence.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Review
- Sex-specific differences in the associations of metabolic syndrome or components with gallstone disease in Chinese euthyroid population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The causal effects of thyroid function and lipids on cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Synchronous biliary gallstones and colorectal cancer: A single center analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- A family with hypothyroidism caused by fatty acid synthase and apolipoprotein B receptor mutations.Molecular medicine reports · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have investigated comprehensively the effects of thyroid function on gallstone formation in a mouse model. Gonadectomized gallstone-susceptible male C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into three groups each of which received an intervention to induce hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or euthyroidism. After 5 weeks of feeding a lithogenic diet of 15% (w/w) butter fat, 1% (w/w) cholesterol, and 0.5% (w/w) cholic acid, mice were killed for further experiments. The incidence of cholesterol monohydrate crystal formation was 100% in mice with hyperthyroidism, 83% in hypothyroidism, and 33% in euthyroidism, the differences being statistically significant. Among the hepatic lithogenic genes, Trβ was found to be up-regulated and Rxr down-regulated in the mice with hypothyroidism. In contrast, Lxrα, Rxr, and Cyp7α1 were up-regulated and Fxr down-regulated in the mice with hyperthyroidism. In conclusion, thyroid dysfunction, either hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, promotes the formation of cholesterol gallstones in C57BL/6 mice. Gene expression differences suggest that thyroid hormone disturbance leads to gallstone formation in different ways. Hyperthyroidism induces cholesterol gallstone formation by regulating expression of the hepatic nuclear receptor genes such as Lxrα and Rxr, which are significant in cholesterol metabolism pathways. However, hypothyroidism induces cholesterol gallstone formation by promoting cholesterol biosynthesis.
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