ArticlePLoS medicine2016
Risks and Population Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Associated with Diabetes in China: A Prospective Study of 0.5 Million Adults.
Article in PLoS medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comprehensive Factors for Predicting the Complications of DiabetesMellitus: A Systematic Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Incidence of Stroke in People With Diabetes Compared to Those Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association between fasting blood glucose levels and stroke events: a large-scale community-based cohort study from China.BMJ open · 2021Pooled it
- An intervention study of the general practice management of older adults with cardiovascular metabolic comorbidities.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Composite cardiovascular risk and BMI affected comparative profiles of BIAsp 30 + metformin vs BIAsp 30 monotherapy: a MERIT post-hoc analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Randomized study of evolocumab in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia on background statin: Pre-specified analysis of the Chinese population from the BERSON clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Trial
- Randomised study of evolocumab in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidaemia on background statin: Primary results of the BERSON clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Trial
- Associations of cumulative exposure and longitudinal change patterns of the triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index with incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from CHARLS.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Observational
- High blood glucose and shoulder pain in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a secondary analysis of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Enhancing cardiovascular disease risk communication in diabetes care using Kern's six-step model: development and pilot of a training program for general practitioners.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Vascular ultrasound-based risk stratification model for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Targeting Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) to Improve Insulin Sensitivity Using Indole-Fused Glycyrrhetinic Acid Conjugates with Amino Acids.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Fasting blood glucose trajectories and atherosclerosis risk: a longitudinal cohort study with threshold analysis in Chongqing, China.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- The relation between tirzepatide and adverse cardiovascular events or renal adverse events: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Astrogliopathology: A core pathogenic factor in diabetic neuropathic pain.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- A novel nomogram for predicting carotid atherosclerosis risks in diabetic patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Metabolic diseases in the East Asian populations.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the ultrasonic arterial measurement and analysis system for predicting 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Evolving multimorbidity patterns among ageing adults with cardiovascular disease continuum in Southwest China: A longitudinal cohort study.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn China, diabetes prevalence is rising rapidly, but little is known about the associated risks and population burden of cardiovascular diseases. We assess associations of diabetes with major cardiovascular diseases and the relevance of diabetes duration and other modifiable risk factors to these associations. METHODS AND
findingsA nationwide prospective study recruited 512,891 men and women aged 30-79 y between 25 June 2004 and 15 July 2008 from ten diverse localities across China. During ~7 y of follow-up, 7,353 cardiovascular deaths and 25,451 non-fatal major cardiovascular events were recorded among 488,760 participants without prior cardiovascular disease at baseline. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing disease risks in individuals with diabetes to those without. Overall, 5.4% (n = 26,335) of participants had self-reported (2.7%) or screen-detected (2.7%) diabetes. Individuals with self-reported diabetes had an adjusted HR of 2.07 (95% CI 1.90-2.26) for cardiovascular mortality. There were significant excess risks of major coronary event (2.44, 95% CI 2.18-2.73), ischaemic stroke (1.68, 95% CI 1.60-1.77), and intracerebral haemorrhage (1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.44). Screen-detected diabetes was also associated with significant, though more modest, excess cardiovascular risks, with corresponding HRs of 1.66 (95% CI 1.51-1.83), 1.62 (95% CI 1.40-1.86), 1.48 (95% CI 1.40-1.57), and 1.17 (95% CI 1.01-1.36), respectively. Misclassification of screen-detected diabetes may have caused these risk estimates to be underestimated, whilst lack of data on lipids may have resulted in residual confounding of diabetes-associated cardiovascular disease risks. Among individuals with diabetes, cardiovascular risk increased progressively with duration of diabetes and number of other presenting modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Assuming a causal association, diabetes now accounts for ~0.5 million (489,676, 95% CI 335,777-681,202) cardiovascular deaths annually in China.
conclusionsAmong Chinese adults, diabetes is associated with significantly increased risks of major cardiovascular diseases. The increasing prevalence and younger age of onset of diabetes foreshadow greater diabetes-attributable disease burden in China.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.