Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27377298›Full record

ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2016

Bacterial and Viral Infections in Atopic Dermatitis: a Comprehensive Review.

Peck Y Ong, Donald Y M Leung

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
125citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
29.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

125 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 276 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Interventions to reduce Staphylococcus aureus in the management of eczema.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
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  7. Trial
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  9. Trial
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  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Dermatologic Toxicities Induced by JAK Inhibitors.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Keratinocytes: pleiotropic orchestrators of cutaneous immunity and Inflammation - Emerging therapeutic paradigms in dermatological pathologies.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Review
  18. Infection risk in atopic dermatitis patients treated with biologics and JAK inhibitors: BioDay results.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article

65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Peck Y OngDivision of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Donald Y M LeungDivision of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street (Room K926i), Denver, 80206, CO, USA. Leungd@NJHealth.org.
Children's Hospital of Los Angeles · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common allergic skin disease in the general population. It is a chronic inflammatory skin disease complicated by recurrent bacterial and viral infections that, when left untreated, can lead to significant complications. The current article will review immunologic and molecular mechanisms underlying the propensity of AD patients to microbial infections. These infections include Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) skin infections, eczema herpeticum, eczema vaccinatum, and eczema coxsackium. Previous studies have shown that skin barrier defects, a decrease in antimicrobial peptides, increased skin pH, or Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 are potential contributing factors for the increased risk of skin infections in AD. In addition, bacterial virulence such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) produces significantly higher number of superantigens that increase their potential in causing infection and more severe cutaneous inflammation in AD patients. More recent studies suggest that skin microbiome including Staphylococcus epidermidis or other coagulase-negative staphylococci may play an important role in controlling S. aureus skin infections in AD. Other studies also suggest that genetic variants in the innate immune response may predispose AD patients to increased risk of viral skin infections. These genetic variants include thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), type I interferon (α, ß, ω), type II interferon (γ), and molecular pathways that lead to the production of interferons (interferon regulatory factor 2). A common staphylococcal toxin, α-toxin, may also play a role in enhancing herpes simplex virus skin infections in AD. Further understanding of these disease processes may have important clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of skin infections in this common skin disease.

Indexed as

Bacterial InfectionsDermatitis, AtopicHumansSkinVirus DiseasesAtopic dermatitisEczemaHerpes simplex virusInfectionStaphylococcus aureus

Identifiers

PMID27377298
OpenAlexW2466368575

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.