ReviewNutrients2016
The Emerging Role of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Insulin Resistance and Metabolism.
Review in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 247 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
247 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 422 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unravelling deregulated metabolites in seminal plasma of infertile men: a systematic review and bioinformatic analysis.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Pooled it
- Causal Relationship Between Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Hypertension: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of Intensity and Duration of Exercise on Gut Microbiota in Humans: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Metabolomics and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Diabetes care · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Insulin resistance mediate the association between leucine intake, dietary glycemic index, and type 2 diabetes in secondary cardiovascular prevention: path analysis from Brazilian cardioprotective nutritional (BALANCE) program.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Standard Doses of Cholecalciferol Reduce Glucose and Increase Glutamine in Obesity-Related Hypertension: Results of a Randomized Trial.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Influence of protein source (cricket, pea, whey) on amino acid bioavailability and activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway after resistance exercise in healthy young males.European journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Effect of behavioral weight-loss program on biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease risk: Heart Health Study randomized trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2023Trial
- A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial for pharmacological activation of BCAA catabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes.Nature communications · 2022Trial
- Markers of branched-chain amino acid catabolism are not affected by exercise training in pregnant women with obesity.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Trial
- A Novel Dietary Intervention Reduces Circulatory Branched-Chain Amino Acids by 50%: A Pilot Study of Relevance for Obesity and Diabetes.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Article
- Branched-chain amino acids and gut microbiota: coregulation and impact on neurological function via the gut-brain axis.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as immune modulators in aging and age-related chronic inflammatory diseases.Ageing research reviews · 2026Review
- Circulating amino acids and Type 2 diabetes in a Latin American population-based cohort.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
187 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Insulin is required for maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Despite the importance of insulin sensitivity to metabolic health, the mechanisms that induce insulin resistance remain unclear. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) belong to the essential amino acids, which are both direct and indirect nutrient signals. Even though BCAAs have been reported to improve metabolic health, an increased BCAA plasma level is associated with a high risk of metabolic disorder and future insulin resistance, or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by BCAAs has been suggested to cause insulin resistance. In addition, defective BCAA oxidative metabolism might occur in obesity, leading to a further accumulation of BCAAs and toxic intermediates. This review provides the current understanding of the mechanism of BCAA-induced mTORC1 activation, as well as the effect of mTOR activation on metabolic health in terms of insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the effects of impaired BCAA metabolism will be discussed in detail.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.