Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27376239›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2016

Hierarchy within the mammary STAT5-driven Wap super-enhancer.

Ha Youn Shin, Michaela Willi, Kyung HyunYoo, Xianke Zeng, Chaochen Wang, Gil Metser, Lothar Hennighausen

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
179citing papers in PubMed
16.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

179 citing papers in PubMed, 309 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Aberrant Enhancer Regulation, Phase Separation, and Autoimmune Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025
    Review
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  15. Article
  16. Review
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  20. Article

119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Ha Youn Shin *Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Michaela Willi *Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Kyung HyunYoo *Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Xianke ZengLaboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Chaochen WangLaboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Gil MetserLaboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Lothar HennighausenLaboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Genetic Approaches To Understanding Organ Development and FunctionZIADK061000 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI HENNIGHAUSEN, LOTHAR · 2009 to 2025
$24.7M
Genomics Core FacilityZICDK071001 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI HANOVER, JOHN A. · 2009 to 2023
$16.6M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 DK999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Super-enhancers comprise dense transcription factor platforms highly enriched for active chromatin marks. A paucity of functional data led us to investigate the role of super-enhancers in the mammary gland, an organ characterized by exceptional gene regulatory dynamics during pregnancy. ChIP-seq analysis for the master regulator STAT5A, the glucocorticoid receptor, H3K27ac and MED1 identified 440 mammary-specific super-enhancers, half of which were associated with genes activated during pregnancy. We interrogated the Wap super-enhancer, generating mice carrying mutations in STAT5-binding sites within its constituent enhancers. Individually, the most distal site displayed the greatest enhancer activity. However, combinatorial mutation analysis showed that the 1,000-fold induction in gene expression during pregnancy relied on all enhancers. Disabling the binding sites of STAT5, NFIB and ELF5 in the proximal enhancer incapacitated the entire super-enhancer. Altogether, these data suggest a temporal and functional enhancer hierarchy. The identification of mammary-specific super-enhancers and the mechanistic exploration of the Wap locus provide insights into the regulation of cell-type-specific expression of hormone-sensing genes.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationAnimalsEnhancer Elements, GeneticFemaleMammary Glands, AnimalMiceMice, KnockoutMilk ProteinsMutationPregnancyProtein BindingSTAT5 Transcription FactorTranscription, GeneticMilk ProteinsSTAT5 Transcription Factorwhey acidic proteins

Identifiers

PMID27376239
PMCPMC4963296
OpenAlexW2469912802

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.