ArticleJournal of immunology research2016
Monocyte Differentiation towards Protumor Activity Does Not Correlate with M1 or M2 Phenotypes.
Article in Journal of immunology research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- M1 Macrophages Are a Source of IL-1α: A Driver of Progesterone Metabolism and Myometrial Contraction.Cells · 2025Article
- Article
- Co-stimulation with equibiaxial strain and pre-osteoblast co-culture differentiates monocytes in a bone model.MRS communications · 2025Article
- Mitochondria-targeted strategies in tumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Blocking M2-Like Macrophage Polarization Using Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide-Based Gene Therapy Prevents Immune Evasion for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2024Article
- Analysis of the effect of CCR7 on the microenvironment of mouse oral squamous cell carcinoma by single-cell RNA sequencing technology.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Exogenous heat shock proteins HSPA1A and HSPB1 regulate TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 secretion from monocytic cells.FEBS open bio · 2023Article
- Rac and Cdc42 inhibitors reduce macrophage function in breast cancer preclinical models.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- CC chemokine receptor 7 promotes macrophage recruitment and induces M2-polarization through CC chemokine ligand 19&21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2022Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis of Glioblastoma and Glioblastoma Cell Line: Molecular Insights Into the Functional Role of GPR56 and TG2 in Mesenchymal Transition.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Claudin-Low Breast Cancer Inflammatory Signatures Support Polarization of M1-Like Macrophages with Protumoral Activity.Cancers · 2021Article
- The use of patient-derived breast tissue explants to study macrophage polarization and the effects of environmental chemical exposure.Immunology and cell biology · 2020Article
- The Roles of miRNA in Glioblastoma Tumor Cell Communication: Diplomatic and Aggressive Negotiations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Gemcitabine Recruits M2-Type Tumor-Associated Macrophages into the Stroma of Pancreatic Cancer.Translational oncology · 2020Article
- Reactive Oxygen Species Imaging in U937 Cells.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Ovarian cancer stem cells and macrophages reciprocally interact through the WNT pathway to promote pro-tumoral and malignant phenotypes in 3D engineered microenvironments.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2019Article
- Altered monocyte differentiation and macrophage polarization patterns in patients with breast cancer.BMC cancer · 2018Article
- An obligatory anaerobicOncology letters · 2018Article
- MiR-181b modulates EGFR-dependent VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adhesion in glioblastoma.Oncogene · 2017Article
- IL-1β, IL-8, and Matrix Metalloproteinases-1, -2, and -10 Are Enriched upon Monocyte-Breast Cancer Cell Cocultivation in a Matrigel-Based Three-Dimensional System.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages facilitate breast cancer progression. Macrophages were initially classified as M1 or M2 based on their distinct metabolic programs and then expanded to include antitumoral (M1) and protumoral (M2) activities. However, it is still uncertain what markers define the pro- and antitumoral phenotypes and what conditions lead to their formation. In this study, monocytic cell lines and primary monocytes were subjected to commonly reported protocols of M1/M2 polarization and conditions known to engage monocytes into protumoral functions. The results showed that only IDO enzyme and CD86 M1 markers were upregulated correlating with M1 polarization. TNF-α, CCR7, IL-10, arginase I, CD36, and CD163 were expressed indistinguishably from M1 or M2 polarization. Similarly, protumoral engaging resulted in upregulation of both M1 and M2 markers, with conditioned media from the most aggressive breast cancer cell line promoting the greatest changes. In spite of the mixed phenotype, M1-polarized macrophages exhibited the highest expression/secretion of inflammatory mediators, many of which have previously been associated with breast cancer aggressiveness. These data argue that although the existence of protumoral macrophages is unquestionable, their associated phenotypes and the precise conditions driving their formation are still unclear, and those conditions may need both M1 and M2 stimuli.
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