ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2016
Interpretations of Frequency Domain Analyses of Neural Entrainment: Periodicity, Fundamental Frequency, and Harmonics.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized controlled trial (RCT) to explore the effect of audio-visual entrainment among psychological disorders.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Trial
- Preserving Harmonic Structure in FPVS-Oddball: A Two-Dimensional Cluster-Based Permutation Approach.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- Rhythmicity and Trait Absorption Are Linked to Nonordinary States of Consciousness.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Neural representation of the musical beat is facilitated but not contingent on the repetition of rhythmic patterns.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Low-frequency cortical activity reflects context-dependent parsing of word sequences.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- The role of conscious attention in auditory statistical learning: Evidence from patients with impaired consciousness.iScience · 2025Article
- The strength of neural entrainment to electronic music correlates with proxies of altered states of consciousness.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Measuring self-similarity in empirical signals to understand musical beat perception.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Article
- Concurrent processing of the prosodic hierarchy is supported by cortical entrainment and phase-amplitude coupling.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2024Article
- From Sound to Movement: Mapping the Neural Mechanisms of Auditory-Motor Entrainment and Synchronization.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Gamma-band harmonic responses for beta-band auditory steady-state response are intact in patients with early stage schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Article
- Editorial: Understanding the role of oscillations, mutual information and synchronization in perception and action.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2024Article
- Characterizing endogenous delta oscillations in human MEG.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The 40-Hz auditory steady-state response enhanced by beta-band subharmonics.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- The power of rhythms: how steady-state evoked responses reveal early neurocognitive development.NeuroImage · 2022Article
- Neural dynamics differentially encode phrases and sentences during spoken language comprehension.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Syllable-Initial Phonemes Affect Neural Entrainment to Consonant-Vowel Syllables.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Synchronizing with the rhythm: Infant neural entrainment to complex musical and speech stimuli.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Assessing the Sensitivity of EEG-Based Frequency-Tagging as a Metric for Statistical Learning.Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Brain activity can follow the rhythms of dynamic sensory stimuli, such as speech and music, a phenomenon called neural entrainment. It has been hypothesized that low-frequency neural entrainment in the neural delta and theta bands provides a potential mechanism to represent and integrate temporal information. Low-frequency neural entrainment is often studied using periodically changing stimuli and is analyzed in the frequency domain using the Fourier analysis. The Fourier analysis decomposes a periodic signal into harmonically related sinusoids. However, it is not intuitive how these harmonically related components are related to the response waveform. Here, we explain the interpretation of response harmonics, with a special focus on very low-frequency neural entrainment near 1 Hz. It is illustrated why neural responses repeating at f Hz do not necessarily generate any neural response at f Hz in the Fourier spectrum. A strong neural response at f Hz indicates that the time scales of the neural response waveform within each cycle match the time scales of the stimulus rhythm. Therefore, neural entrainment at very low frequency implies not only that the neural response repeats at f Hz but also that each period of the neural response is a slow wave matching the time scale of a f Hz sinusoid.
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