Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27374770›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2016

Mutations in CDC45, Encoding an Essential Component of the Pre-initiation Complex, Cause Meier-Gorlin Syndrome and Craniosynostosis.

Aimee L Fenwick, Maciej Kliszczak, Fay Cooper, Jennie Murray, Luis Sanchez-Pulido, Stephen R F Twigg, Anne Goriely, Simon J McGowan, Kerry A Miller, Indira B Taylor and 24 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
13.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Identification of a novel and a recurrentFrontiers in genetics · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The genetic basis of human height.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Comprehensive analysis ofTranslational andrology and urology · 2024
    Article
  14. A second hotspot for pathogenic exon-skipping variants in CDC45.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2024
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

34 authors at 16 institutions in 10 countries.

Aimee L FenwickClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Maciej KliszczakClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Fay CooperMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Jennie MurrayMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Luis Sanchez-PulidoMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Stephen R F TwiggClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Anne GorielyClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Simon J McGowanComputational Biology Research Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Kerry A MillerClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Indira B TaylorClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
Clare LoganMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
WGS500 Consortium
Sevcan BozdoganDepartment of Medical Genetics, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343 Cukurova, Turkey.
Sumita DandaDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
Joanne DixonGenetic Health Service NZ-South Island Hub, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, Canterbury 8140, New Zealand.
Solaf M ElsayedChildren's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
Ezzat ElsobkyChildren's Hospital, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
Alice GardhamNorth East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
Mariette J V HofferDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
Marije KoopmansDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
Donna M McDonald-McGinnClinical Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Gijs W E SantenDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands.
Ravi SavarirayanVictorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.
Deepthi de SilvaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Gampaha GQ 11010, Sri Lanka.
Olivier VanakkerCenter for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Steven A WallCraniofacial Unit, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Louise C WilsonNorth East Thames Regional Genetics Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK.
Ozge Ozalp YuregirGenetic Diagnosis Center, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Cukurova, Adana, 01170, Turkey.
Elaine H ZackaiClinical Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th & Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Chris P PontingMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Andrew P JacksonMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
Andrew O M WilkieClinical Genetics Group, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Craniofacial Unit, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Wojciech NiedzwiedzDepartment of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. Electronic address: wojciech.niedzwiedz@imm.ox.ac.uk.
Louise S BicknellMRC Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago 9016, New Zealand. Electronic address: louise.bicknell@otago.ac.nz.
MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine · GBInstitute of Genetics and Cancer · GBLeiden University Medical Center · NLUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Oxford · GBAin Shams University Hospital · EGChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · USGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust · GBJohn Radcliffe Hospital · GBChristchurch Hospital · NZChristian Medical College, Vellore · INGhent University Hospital · BEMersin Üniversitesi · TRUniversity of Kelaniya · LKUniversity of Otago · NZVictorian Clinical Genetics Services · AU

Funding

Department of HealthEuropean Research Council 281847Medical Research Council G0902418Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127580972Medical Research Council MC_UU_12008/1Wellcome Trust 093329Wellcome Trust 102731Wellcome Trust 102731/Z/13/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

DNA replication precisely duplicates the genome to ensure stable inheritance of genetic information. Impaired licensing of origins of replication during the G1 phase of the cell cycle has been implicated in Meier-Gorlin syndrome (MGS), a disorder defined by the triad of short stature, microtia, and a/hypoplastic patellae. Biallelic partial loss-of-function mutations in multiple components of the pre-replication complex (preRC; ORC1, ORC4, ORC6, CDT1, or CDC6) as well as de novo stabilizing mutations in the licensing inhibitor, GMNN, cause MGS. Here we report the identification of mutations in CDC45 in 15 affected individuals from 12 families with MGS and/or craniosynostosis. CDC45 encodes a component of both the pre-initiation (preIC) and CMG helicase complexes, required for initiation of DNA replication origin firing and ongoing DNA synthesis during S-phase itself, respectively, and hence is functionally distinct from previously identified MGS-associated genes. The phenotypes of affected individuals range from syndromic coronal craniosynostosis to severe growth restriction, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for Meier-Gorlin syndrome. All mutations identified were biallelic and included synonymous mutations altering splicing of physiological CDC45 transcripts, as well as amino acid substitutions expected to result in partial loss of function. Functionally, mutations reduce levels of full-length transcripts and protein in subject cells, consistent with partial loss of CDC45 function and a predicted limited rate of DNA replication and cell proliferation. Our findings therefore implicate the preIC as an additional protein complex involved in the etiology of MGS and connect the core cellular machinery of genome replication with growth, chondrogenesis, and cranial suture homeostasis.

Indexed as

MutationAdolescentAdultAllelesAlternative SplicingAmino Acid SequenceAmnionCell Cycle ProteinsCell LineCells, CulturedChildChild, PreschoolCongenital MicrotiaCraniosynostosesDNA Mutational AnalysisDNA ReplicationCDC45 protein, humanCell Cycle Proteins

Identifiers

PMID27374770
PMCPMC5005452
OpenAlexW2466381441

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.