ArticleEBioMedicine2016
Activation of PPARγ by a Natural Flavonoid Modulator, Apigenin Ameliorates Obesity-Related Inflammation Via Regulation of Macrophage Polarization.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Apigenin attenuates MASLD progression by suppressing lipogenesis and macrophage M1-like inflammatory activation: involvement of SMAD4-associated signaling.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Macrophage Immune-Redox Modulation by Phenylethanoid- and Flavonoid-Rich Botanical Extracts: NF-κB/iNOS-Nrf2 Crosstalk and the Proposed Role ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Palmitic Acid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Zebrafish: Molecular Mechanisms and Advances in Intervention.Biology · 2026Review
- A tri-target in silico analysis of Testolift: a nutraceutical formulation targeting aromatase, myostatin, and prolyl hydroxylase-2 in testosterone regulation and muscle performance.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integrated In Silico Prioritization of Antidiabetic Phytochemicals fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Regulation of Microvascular Inflammation: The Heart-Brain Axis, Mast Cells, and the Protective Role of Flavonoids-A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Natural flavonoids in multiple sclerosis: molecular insights and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Apigenin Upregulates Regulatory B Cells, Suppresses Class Switch Recombination, and Restores Immune Homeostasis to Treat Autoimmune Arthritis and Sepsis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Duhuo Jisheng Decoction ameliorates experimental intervertebral disc degeneration by modulating immune-inflammatory responses through regulation of macrophage polarization.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicle-like nanoparticles: an emerging immunomodulatory strategy for intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- L-carnitine in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Flavonoids for gastrointestinal tract local and associated systemic effects: A review of clinical trials and future perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Phenolic-Rich Indian Almond (Metabolites · 2025Article
- Herbal and Spice Additives in Functional Confectionery Products: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- 8-Prenylnaringenin suppresses obesity in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice via adiponectin secretion.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Apigenin Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Lung Injury via Downregulation of MMP-3 and MCP-1: An Experimental Study in Rats.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- PPARs: modulating lipotoxicity and thus inhibiting fibrosis.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Review
- Apigenin promotes remodeling of peripheral and skeletal adipocytes in response to β3-AR and TLR4 activation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Classification and regulatory interactions of key transcription factors in COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PPARγ has emerged as a master regulator of macrophage polarization and is the molecular target of the thiazolidinedione drugs. Here we show that apigenin binds and activates PPARγ by acting as a modulator. Activation of PPARγ by apigenin blocks p65 translocation into nuclei through inhibition of p65/PPARγ complex translocation into nuclei, thereby decreasing NF-κB activation and favoringM2 macrophage polarization. In HFD and ob/ob mice, apigenin significantly reverses M1 macrophage into M2 and reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver and adipose tissues, as well as decreases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby alleviating inflammation. Strikingly, apigenin reduces liver and muscular steatosis, decreases the levels of ALT, AST, TC and TG, improving glucose resistance obviously. Unlike rosiglitazone, apigenin does not cause significant weight gain, osteoporosis et al. Our findings identify apigenin as a modulator of PPARγ and a potential lead compound for treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.