ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2016
Anthropometry and the Risk of Lung Cancer in EPIC.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Body mass index (BMI) and risk of lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using directly measured and genetically proxied measures of BMI.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Pooled it
- Body mass index and lung cancer risk: Pooled analysis of 10 prospective cohort studies in Japan.Cancer science · 2024Pooled it
- Association between metabolically healthy obesity and metastasis in lung cancer patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Pooled it
- Abdominal Obesity and Lung Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Nutrients · 2016Pooled it
- Effect Modification by Cofactors in the Impact of Body Mass Index Change on the Risk of Lung Cancer.Cancer science · 2026Article
- Pre-diagnostic body mass index trajectories and associations with lung cancer risk.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Beyond nodules: body composition as a biomarker for future lung cancer.European radiology · 2025Article
- Metabolome-Wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Maleate as a Mediator of the Effect of Obesity on the Risk of Small Cell Lung Cancer.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- How General and Inflammatory Status Impacts on the Prognosis of Patients Affected by Lung Cancer: State of the Art.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Pulmonary circulatory system characteristics are associated with future lung cancer risk.Medical physics · 2024Article
- Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study of 450,482 UK Biobank Participants.Nutrients · 2022Article
- BMI changes and the risk of lung cancer in male never-smokers: A prospective cohort study.Cancer medicine · 2022Article
- Causal relationships between body mass index, smoking and lung cancer: Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization.International journal of cancer · 2021Article
- Article
- The Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer: Associations With Body Size Versus Body Shape.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Predicted lean body mass, fat mass and risk of lung cancer: prospective US cohort study.European journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Haem iron intake and risk of lung cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- A paradox or a challenge?Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Article
- Overall and Central Obesity and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Pooled Analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Article
- Lung cancer health disparities.Carcinogenesis · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
44 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The associations of body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric measurements with lung cancer were examined in 348,108 participants in the European Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) between 1992 and 2010. The study population included 2,400 case patients with incident lung cancer, and the average length of follow-up was 11 years. Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox proportional hazard models in which we modeled smoking variables with cubic splines. Overall, there was a significant inverse association between BMI (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) and the risk of lung cancer after adjustment for smoking and other confounders (for BMI of 30.0-34.9 versus 18.5-25.0, hazard ratio = 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 0.84). The strength of the association declined with increasing follow-up time. Conversely, after adjustment for BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were significantly positively associated with lung cancer risk (for the highest category of waist circumference vs. the lowest, hazard ratio = 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.50). Given the decline of the inverse association between BMI and lung cancer over time, the association is likely at least partly due to weight loss resulting from preclinical lung cancer that was present at baseline. Residual confounding by smoking could also have influenced our findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.