ArticleMedicine2016
Effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine on diabetic elderly.
Article in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination in reducing hospitalization and mortality among the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Vaccination of people with solid tumors and diabetes: existing evidence and recommendations. A position statement from a multidisciplinary panel of scientific societies.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Guideline
- Diabetes as a risk factor for pneumococcal disease and severe related outcomes and efficacy/effectiveness of vaccination in diabetic population. Results from meta-analysis of observational studies.Acta diabetologica · 2024Pooled it
- Diabetes Mellitus with Influenza Virus and Subsequent Bacterial Infection: Triple Pathological Interactions and Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A narrative review on the effectiveness of PPSV23 vaccination in adults in China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Assessment of naturally acquired IgG antibodies to pneumococcal vaccine serotypes in healthy and type 2 diabetic adults in India.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2025Article
- Expert panel opinion on adult pneumococcal vaccination in the post-COVID era (NAP- EXPO Recommendations-2024).Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2024Article
- Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in Saudi Arabia: A multicenter retrospective study.World journal of diabetes · 2024Article
- Naturally acquired antibodies against 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in Pakistani adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.PloS one · 2024Article
- Improving Pneumococcal Vaccination Rates in an Inpatient Pediatric Diabetic Population.Ochsner journal · 2022Article
- Machine-Learning Techniques for Feature Selection and Prediction of Mortality in Elderly CABG Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- Multi-disciplinary Consensus Statement Document Vaccinal prevention in adult patients with diabetes mellitus.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
- COVID-19 vaccination in patients with diabetes mellitus: Current concepts, uncertainties and challenges.Diabetes & metabolic syndromeReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of pneumonia, and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is recommended for prevention of pneumonia. However, the effectiveness of PPV23 remains unclear in the older diabetic patients who usually have compromised immune function.We used data extracted from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2000 to 2009 to conduct a population-based retrospective cohort study, comparing the incidence of pneumococcal diseases among PPV23-vaccinated and propensity-score matched PPV23-unvaccinated groups in diabetic elderly. The primary outcome was invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs), and the secondary outcomes were medical utilization.PPV23-vaccinated group had reduced risks of IPD (adjusted OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.94), respiratory failure (0.84, 0.77-0.93), and shorter length of hospitalization (-1.27 ± 0.19 days, P value: 0.0012). In flu-vaccinated group, subjects who received PPV23 had reduced risks of IPD, hospitalization, and respiratory failure; had shorter lengths of hospitalization; and less medical costs, than those without receiving PPV23. In not flu-vaccinated group, PPV23 vaccination was associated with reduced risks of IPD and respiratory failure. Receiving both vaccines could bring better protection in IPD, hospitalization, visits of emergency department, and respiratory failure.PPV23 vaccination was effective in prevention of pneumococcal diseases and reduction of medical utilization in diabetic elderly aged 75 and more. Receiving both vaccines resulted in better outcomes than PPV vaccination alone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.