Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27365385›Full record

SynthesisIntegrative cancer therapies2017

Fish-Derived Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Monique Aucoin, Kieran Cooley, Christopher Knee, Heidi Fritz, Lynda G Balneaves, Rodney Breau, Dean Fergusson, Becky Skidmore, Raimond Wong, Dugald Seely

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Integrative cancer therapies, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Monique Aucoin1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Kieran Cooley1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Christopher Knee1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Heidi Fritz1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Lynda G Balneaves2 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Rodney Breau3 Ottawa Hospital General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Dean Fergusson4 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Becky Skidmore1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Raimond Wong5 McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Dugald Seely1 Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine · CAOttawa Hospital · CAMcMaster University · CAOttawa Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

CIHR KRS 316843
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of natural health products in prostate cancer (PrCa) is high despite a lack of evidence with respect to safety and efficacy. Fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory effects and preclinical data suggest a protective effect on PrCa incidence and progression; however, human studies have yielded conflicting results.

methodsA search of OVID MEDLINE, Pre-MEDLINE, Embase, and the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED) was completed for human interventional or observational data assessing the safety and efficacy of fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids in the incidence and progression of PrCa.

resultsOf 1776 citations screened, 54 publications reporting on 44 studies were included for review and analysis: 4 reports of 3 randomized controlled trials, 1 nonrandomized clinical trial, 20 reports of 14 cohort studies, 26 reports of 23 case-control studies, and 3 case-cohort studies. The interventional studies using fish oil supplements in patients with PrCa showed no impact on prostate-specific antigen levels; however, 2 studies showed a decrease in inflammatory or other cancer markers. A small number of mild adverse events were reported and interactions with other interventions were not assessed. Cohort and case-control studies assessing the relationship between dietary fish intake and the risk of PrCa were equivocal. Cohort studies assessing the risk of PrCa mortality suggested an association between higher intake of fish and decreased risk of prostate cancer-related death.

conclusionsCurrent evidence is insufficient to suggest a relationship between fish-derived omega-3 fatty acid and risk of PrCa. An association between higher omega-3 intake and decreased PrCa mortality may be present but more research is needed. More intervention trials or observational studies with precisely measured exposure are needed to assess the impact of fish oil supplements and dietary fish-derived omega-3 fatty acid intake on safety, PrCa incidence, treatment, and progression.

Indexed as

AnimalsCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesDietDietary SupplementsFatty Acids, Omega-3FishesFish OilsHumansMaleProstatic NeoplasmsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicFatty Acids, Omega-3Fish Oilsfishfish oilomega-3prostate cancerprostate carcinomaPSA

Identifiers

PMID27365385
PMCPMC5736071
OpenAlexW2468613726

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.