ArticleScientific reports2016
First Person Perspective of Seated Participants Over a Walking Virtual Body Leads to Illusory Agency Over the Walking.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Beyond motor: a systematic review of multisensory integration deficits in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Pooled it
- Neuroendocrine Response and State Anxiety Due to Psychosocial Stress Decrease after a Training with Subject's Own (but Not Another) Virtual Body: An RCT Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Reconceptualizing the sense of agency: expanding Decision-level Agency as mental action in the era of generative AI.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Effect of unilaterally manipulating the step length of an embodied avatar on gait symmetry in healthy adults.Virtual reality · 2026Article
- Researching Body Perception: Toward an Integration of Quantitative and Qualitative Interdisciplinary Approaches to Address the Multiplicity of Bodily Experiences.Psychophysiology · 2026Article
- A scoping review on the role of virtual walking intervention in enhancing wellness.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- The role of visuomotor synchrony on virtual full-body illusions in children and adults.Journal of neuropsychology · 2025Article
- Sensing minimal self in sentences involving the speaker.PloS one · 2025Article
- Subjective reliving of past events is modulated by premotor-hippocampal coupling and bodily self-consciousness during event encoding.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Embodiment in episodic memory through premotor-hippocampal coupling.Communications biology · 2024Article
- The effect of posture on virtual walking experience using foot vibrations.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Embodying the avatar of an omnipotent agent modulates the perception of one's own abilities and enhances feelings of invulnerability.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Immersive Virtual Reality Avatars for Embodiment Illusions in People With Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disability: User-Centered Development and Feasibility Study.JMIR serious games · 2022Article
- Demand characteristics challenge effects in embodiment and presence.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Effects of virtual hands and feet on the onset time and duration of illusory body ownership.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Impact of virtual embodiment and exercises on functional ability and range of motion in orthopedic rehabilitation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Bodily ownership of an independent supernumerary limb: an exploratory study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Virtual reality for the rehabilitation and prevention of intimate partner violence - From brain to behavior: A narrative review.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Agency, the attribution of authorship to an action of our body, requires the intention to carry out the action, and subsequently a match between its predicted and actual sensory consequences. However, illusory agency can be generated through priming of the action together with perception of bodily action, even when there has been no actual corresponding action. Here we show that participants can have the illusion of agency over the walking of a virtual body even though in reality they are seated and only allowed head movements. The experiment (n = 28) had two factors: Perspective (1PP or 3PP) and Head Sway (Sway or NoSway). Participants in 1PP saw a life-sized virtual body spatially coincident with their own from a first person perspective, or the virtual body from third person perspective (3PP). In the Sway condition the viewpoint included a walking animation, but not in NoSway. The results show strong illusions of body ownership, agency and walking, in the 1PP compared to the 3PP condition, and an enhanced level of arousal while the walking was up a virtual hill. Sway reduced the level of agency. We conclude with a discussion of the results in the light of current theories of agency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.