ArticleScientific reports2016
Capturing tumor complexity in vitro: Comparative analysis of 2D and 3D tumor models for drug discovery.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Transcriptomic Profile of Glioblastoma Cells Infected with Zika Virus: A Systematic Review and Pathway Analysis.Viruses · 2026Pooled it
- Relevance of humanized three-dimensional tumor tissue models: a descriptive systematic literature review.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Pooled it
- Natural Killer Cell Immunotherapy in Solid Tumors: Microenvironmental Obstacles and Translational 3D Models.Biology · 2026Review
- Toward a Conceptual Multiscale Framework for Predictive Radiobiology: Integrating Genomic Damage, Network Rewiring, and Tissue Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Using biomaterial-based 3D in vitro cancer models to solve current clinical problems.British journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Restoration of E-cadherin Expression Alters Metastatic Organotropism in Invasive Lobular Breast Carcinoma Models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Functional drug screening of tumor organoids on an active-matrix digital microfluidic chip for cancer precision medicine.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Estrogen receptor-positive cell line xenograft models recapitulate metastatic dissemination and endocrine response of invasive lobular breast carcinoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Transmembrane lectins in cancer immunity: emerging drivers of myeloid-mediated immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- IL7R remodels immunosuppression tumor microenvironment and promotes macrophage polarization by regulating NF-κB/CXCL1 axis in ovarian cancer.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Navigating Cancer Treatment: A Journey from 2D to 3D Cancer Models and Nanoscale Therapies.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Cancer-metastasis-on-a-chip reveals efficacy of bevacizumab and siRNA in overcoming carboplatin resistance in SKOV3 ovarian cancer within a fibrotic metastatic microenvironment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Exploring the Complexity of Cutaneous Squamous CellCarcinoma Microenvironment: Focus on Immune Cell Roles by Novel 3D In Vitro Models.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Multicenter study correlating molecular characteristics and clinical outcomes of cancer cases with patient-derived organoids.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Mechanical Evolution of Metastatic Cancer Cells in 3D Microenvironment.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Advances and applications of gut organoids: modeling intestinal diseases and therapeutic development.Life medicine · 2025Review
- A Small-Molecule Drug for the Self-Checking of Mitophagy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Finding a needle in a haystack: functional screening for novel targets in cancer immunology and immunotherapies.Oncogene · 2025Review
- Article
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures growing on plastic do not recapitulate the three dimensional (3D) architecture and complexity of human tumors. More representative models are required for drug discovery and validation. Here, 2D culture and 3D mono- and stromal co-culture models of increasing complexity have been established and cross-comparisons made using three standard cell carcinoma lines: MCF7, LNCaP, NCI-H1437. Fluorescence-based growth curves, 3D image analysis, immunohistochemistry and treatment responses showed that end points differed according to cell type, stromal co-culture and culture format. The adaptable methodologies described here should guide the choice of appropriate simple and complex in vitro models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.