SynthesisContraception2016
Safety of hormonal contraception and intrauterine devices among women with depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Contraception, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the impact of contraceptive use on mental health among women of reproductive age - a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- Postpartum hormonal contraception use and incidence of postpartum depression: a systematic review.The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception · 2019Pooled it
- Relationship Between Psychological Well-Being and Reproductive Health Attitudes in Female Patients with Psychiatric Diagnoses: A Cross-Sectional Study.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2026Article
- U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Article
- Depression in Female Adolescents with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding.The Journal of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Hormonal Contraception Use and Depression Among Women in Saudi Arabia.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2022Article
- Premenstrual Exacerbations of Mood Disorders: Findings and Knowledge Gaps.Current psychiatry reports · 2021Review
- Hormonal Contraception and Depression: Updated Evidence and Implications in Clinical Practice.Clinical drug investigation · 2020Review
- Progesterone, reproduction, and psychiatric illness.Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology · 2020Review
- Pharmacists and Contraception in the Inpatient Setting.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Impulsivity, Unplanned Pregnancies, and Contraception Among Women with Bipolar Disorder.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2020Article
- Hormonal Contraceptives and Mood: Review of the Literature and Implications for Future Research.Current psychiatry reports · 2019Review
- Contraception counseling for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): current perspectives.Open access journal of contraception · 2019Article
- Do Progestin-Only Contraceptives Contribute to the Risk of Developing Depression as Implied by Beta-Arrestin 1 Levels in Leukocytes? A Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Sodium valproate in pregnancy: what are the risks and should we use a shared decision-making approach?BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2018Review
- Removing medical barriers to contraception - evidence-based recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016.Contraception · 2016Article
- Comprehensive endometriosis care: a modern multimodal approach for the treatment of pelvic pain and endometriosis.Therapeutic advances in reproductive healthReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen with depressive or bipolar disorders are at an increased risk for unintended pregnancy.
objectiveTo examine the safety of hormonal contraception among women with depressive and bipolar disorders.
methodsWe searched for articles published through January 2016 on the safety of using any hormonal contraceptive method among women with depressive or bipolar disorders, including those who had been diagnosed clinically or scored above threshold levels on a validated screening instrument. Outcomes included changes in symptoms, hospitalization, suicide and modifications in medication regimens such as increase or decrease in dosage or changes in type of drug.
resultsOf 2376 articles, 6 met the inclusion criteria. Of three studies that examined women clinically diagnosed with depressive or bipolar disorder, one found that oral contraceptives (OCs) did not significantly change mood across the menstrual cycle among women with bipolar disorder, whereas mood did significantly change across the menstrual cycle among women not using OCs; one found no significant differences in the frequency of psychiatric hospitalizations among women with bipolar disorder who used depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), intrauterine devices (IUDs) or sterilization; and one found no increase in depression scale scores among women with depression using and not using OCs, for both those treated with fluoxetine and those receiving placebo. Of three studies that examined women who met a threshold for depression on a screening instrument, one found that adolescent girls using combined OCs (COCs) had significantly improved depression scores after 3 months compared with placebo, one found that OC users had similar odds of no longer being depressed at follow-up compared with nonusers, and one found that COC users were less frequently classified as depressed over 11 months than IUD users.
conclusionsLimited evidence from six studies found that OC, levonorgestrel-releasing IUD and DMPA use among women with depressive or bipolar disorders was not associated with worse clinical course of disease compared with no hormonal method use.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.