ArticlePloS one2016
Hypermethylation of FOXP3 Promoter and Premature Aging of the Immune System in Female Patients with Panic Disorder?
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry epigenome wide association study of generalized anxiety disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Exploring the Immunomodulatory Role of Forkhead Box Protein 3 (FOXP3) in the Pathophysiology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Transient anxiety-and depression-like behaviors are linked to the depletion of Foxp3-expressing cells via inflammasome in the brain.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Neuroimmune mechanisms in fear and panic pathophysiology.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Pregnancy associated epigenetic markers of inflammation predict depression and anxiety symptoms in response to discrimination.Neurobiology of stress · 2020Article
- The Potential Role of Epigenetic Drugs in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2020Review
- The DNA methylome in panic disorder: a case-control and longitudinal psychotherapy-epigenetic study.Translational psychiatry · 2019Article
- Assessing Panic: Bridging the Gap Between Fundamental Mechanisms and Daily Life Experience.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Review
- "DNA Methylation signatures in panic disorder".Translational psychiatry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunological abnormalities associated with pathological conditions, such as higher infection rates, inflammatory diseases, cancer or cardiovascular events are common in patients with panic disorder. In the present study, T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), Forkhead-Box-Protein P3 gene (FOXP3) methylation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and relative telomere lengths (RTLs) were investigated in a total and subsamples of 131 patients with panic disorder as compared to 131 age- and sex-matched healthy controls in order to test for a potential dysfunction and premature aging of the immune system in anxiety disorders. Significantly lower TRECs (p = 0.004) as well as significant hypermethylation of the FOXP3 promoter region (p = 0.005) were observed in female (but not in male) patients with panic disorder as compared to healthy controls. No difference in relative telomere length was discerned between patients and controls, but significantly shorter telomeres in females, smokers and older persons within the patient group. The presently observed reduced TRECs in panic disorder patients and FOXP3 hypermethylation in female patients with panic disorder potentially reflect impaired thymus and immunosuppressive Treg function, which might partly account for the known increased morbidity and mortality of anxiety disorders conferred by e.g. cancer and cardiovascular disorders.
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