ArticlePsychopharmacology2016
Benzodiazepine and neuroactive steroid combinations in rats: anxiolytic-like and discriminative stimulus effects.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discriminating evidence - use and misuse of the drug-discrimination test in abuse potential assessment of novel CNS drugs.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Behavioral effects of triazolam and pregnanolone combinations: reinforcing and sedative-motor effects in female rhesus monkeys.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- GABAkines - Advances in the discovery, development, and commercialization of positive allosteric modulators of GABAPharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Isobolographic Analysis of Antiseizure Activity of the GABA Type A Receptor-Modulating Synthetic Neurosteroids Brexanolone and Ganaxolone with Tiagabine and Midazolam.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2020Article
- Enhanced GABAergic actions resulting from the coapplication of the steroid 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnane-11,20-dione (alfaxalone) with propofol or diazepam.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- The Actions of Drug Combinations on the GABAMolecular pharmacology · 2017Article
- Self-administration and behavioral economics of second-generation synthetic cathinones in male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleBenzodiazepines are effective anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants but unwanted side effects, including abuse potential, limit their use. A possible strategy to increase the therapeutic index of this drug class is to combine benzodiazepines with neuroactive steroids.
objectivesThe present study evaluated the extent to which combinations of benzodiazepines (triazolam, clonazepam) and neuroactive steroids (pregnanolone, ganaxolone) induced additive, supra-additive, or infra-additive effects in an elevated zero maze and a drug discrimination procedure in rats.
methodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 7/group) were placed into an elevated zero maze apparatus following injections of multiple doses of triazolam and pregnanolone, alone and combined, or clonazepam and ganaxolone, alone and combined. These drugs/drug combinations also were evaluated in rats (N = 8) trained to discriminate triazolam (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) from vehicle. Drug interactions were evaluated using isobolographic and dose-addition analysis.
resultsIn the elevated zero maze, all drugs engendered dose-dependent increases in time spent in the open quadrant when administered alone. Triazolam and pregnanolone, as well as clonazepam and ganaxolone combinations produced additive or supra-additive effects depending on the fixed-proportion that was tested. In triazolam discrimination, all drugs engendered dose-dependent increases in triazolam-lever responding. In combination, triazolam and pregnanolone and clonazepam and ganaxolone produced predominantly additive discriminative stimulus effects, except for one fixed proportion of clonazepam and ganaxolone which had supra-additive effects.
conclusionsAlthough drug interactions depended on the constituent drugs, the combination tested, and the behavioral endpoint; a combination was identified that would be predicted to result in supra-additive anxiolytic-like effects with predominantly additive discriminative stimulus effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.