SynthesisPloS one2016
Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- National representative survey of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Colombia: analysis of antiretroviral resistance-associated mutations using next-generation sequencing.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Drug resistance in children and adolescents with HIV in Panama.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Molecular Epidemiology and Trends in HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Mozambique 1999-2018.Viruses · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Evolution of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance in Belgium Between 2013 and 2019.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- HIV-1-Transmitted Drug Resistance and Transmission Clusters in Newly Diagnosed Patients in Portugal Between 2014 and 2019.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Retention in Care, Mortality, Loss-to-Follow-Up, and Viral Suppression among Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve and Experienced Persons Participating in a Nationally Representative HIV Pre-Treatment Drug Resistance Survey in Mexico.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors mutational viral load in HIV infected pregnant women with transmitted drug resistance in Argentina.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2021Article
- HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance surveillance: shifting trends in study design and prevalence estimates.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Review
- Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infected Migrants Followed up in Portugal: Trends between 2001-2017.Viruses · 2020Article
- HIV-1 acquired drug resistance to integrase inhibitors in a cohort of antiretroviral therapy multi-experienced Mexican patients failing to raltegravir: a cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2020Article
- Pretreatment HIV Drug Resistance and Virologic Outcomes to First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Peru.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- Regional Challenges in the Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Highly divergent patterns of genetic diversity and evolution in proviral quasispecies from HIV controllers.Retrovirology · 2017Article
- High Rates of Transmission of Drug-resistant HIV in Aruba Resulting in Reduced Susceptibility to the WHO Recommended First-line Regimen in Nearly Half of Newly Diagnosed HIV-infected Patients.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Article
- High pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and early adherence among men who have sex with men and transgender women at risk for HIV Infection: the PrEP Brasil demonstration project.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Article
- Adverse reactions to antiretroviral therapy: a prevalent concern.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2017Article
- A decade of viral mutations and associated drug resistance in a population of HIV-1+ Puerto Ricans: 2002-2011.PloS one · 2017Article
- HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve Individuals in the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua, 2011-2015.PloS one · 2016Article
- Transmitted drug resistance in patients with acute/recent HIV infection in Brazil.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV transmitted drug resistance (TDR) remains at moderate level in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). However, different epidemiologic scenarios could influence national and sub-regional TDR levels and trends. METHODS AND
findingsWe performed a systematic review of currently available publications on TDR in antiretroviral treatment-naïve adults in LAC. Ninety-eight studies published between January 2000 and June 2015 were included according to critical appraisal criteria and classified by sub-region: Brazil (50), Mesoamerica (17), Southern Cone (16), Andean (8) and Caribbean (7). From these, 81 studies encompassing 11,441 individuals with data on DR mutation frequency were included in a meta-analysis. Overall TDR prevalence in LAC was 7.7% (95% CI: 7.2%-8.2%). An increasing trend was observed for overall TDR when comparing 2000-2005 (6.0%) and 2006-2015 (8.2%) (p<0.0001), which was associated with significant NNRTI TDR increase (p<0.0001). NRTI TDR decreased (4.5% vs. 2.3%, p<0.0001). NNRTI TDR increase was associated mainly with K101E, K103N and G190A. NRTI TDR decrease was associated mainly with M184V, K70R and T215Y. All sub-regions reached moderate overall TDR levels. The rapid increase in TDR to all antiretroviral classes in the Caribbean is notable, as well as the significant increase in NNRTI TDR reaching moderate levels in the Southern Cone. NRTI TDR was dominant in 2000-2005, mainly in the Caribbean, Mesoamerica and Brazil. This dominance was lost in 2006-2015 in all sub-regions, with the Southern Cone and the Caribbean switching to NNRTI dominance. PI TDR remained mostly constant with a significant increase only observed in the Caribbean.
conclusionsGiven the high conceptual and methodological heterogeneity of HIV TDR studies, implementation of surveys with standardized methodology and national representativeness is warranted to generate reliable to inform public health policies. The observed increasing trend in NNRTI TDR supports the need to strengthen TDR surveillance and programme monitoring and evaluation in LAC.
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