ArticleGlobal health, science and practice2016
Improved Childhood Diarrhea Treatment Practices in Ghana: A Pre-Post Evaluation of a Comprehensive Private-Sector Program.
Article in Global health, science and practice, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adherence to oral zinc supplementation in the management of acute diarrhoeal disease among under-5 children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators to implementation of oral rehydration therapy in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Viral diarrhea in Ghana: a scoping review of disease burden, epidemiology, and control strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Antibiotic stewardship and point-of-care testing for children in 25 low-income and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Medical treatment-seeking behaviour for childhood diarrhea among Haitian mothers: secondary data analysis from the 2016-2017 Haitian demographic and health survey.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Sustainability of zinc coverage for acute childhood diarrhea in Bangladesh and other low- and middle-income countries: one decade following the SUZY project.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- A situational assessment of treatments received for childhood diarrhea in the Federal Republic of Nigeria.PloS one · 2024Article
- m-Follow up for zinc adherence by caretakers of children with acute watery diarrhoea: A randomized controlled trial.PLOS digital health · 2023Article
- Carriage of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli among children in rural Ghana: a cross-sectional study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Article
- Individual and community level factors associated with medical treatment-seeking behavior for childhood diarrhea among the Gambian mothers: evidence from the Gambian demographic and health survey data, 2019/2020.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Appropriate feeding practice and associated factors among under-five children with diarrheal disease in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Article
- Overuse of medications in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2023Article
- Childhood diarrhoea in southwestern Nigeria: Predictors of low osmolarity ORS and zinc use among mothers.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Childhood diarrhoea: a cross-sectional survey on maternal knowledge, hygienic practices and use of oral zinc for home management in a Nigerian community.The Pan African medical journal · 2022Article
- The Co-Utilization of Oral Rehydration Solution and Zinc for Treating Diarrhea and Its Associated Factors Among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Further Analysis of EDHS 2016.Patient preference and adherence · 2022Article
- Factors associated with zinc utilization for the management of diarrhea in under-five children in Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Zinc utilization and associated factors among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa: A generalized linear mixed modeling.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diarrhea is the fourth leading cause of child mortality in Ghana. In 2010, Ghana endorsed guidelines from the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund for use of zinc with low-osmolarity oral rehydration salts (ORS) for the treatment of acute childhood diarrhea. From late 2011 through 2014, the Strengthening Health Outcomes through the Private Sector (SHOPS) project implemented a comprehensive program in 3 regions of Ghana to increase the availability and use of ORS and zinc and to decrease incorrect use of antibiotics and antidiarrheals. The program included (1) partnering with local pharmaceutical firms to introduce and market locally produced zinc products, (2) collaborating with the Ghanaian Pharmacy Council to provide training and supportive supervision of private-sector providers on diarrhea management, and (3) conducting mass media campaigns to raise caregiver awareness. We evaluated the effect of this program using a baseline survey of 754 caregivers of children under 5 with diarrhea at the start of the intervention in 2012 and a follow-up survey of 751 caregivers in 2014. Regression analysis showed that use of ORS with zinc increased from 0.8% in 2012 to 29.2% in 2014 (P<.001), and antibiotic use declined from 66.2% to 38.2% (P<.001) during the same period. The magnitude and statistical significance of these results remained the same after including potential confounding factors as covariates. Inappropriate antibiotic use, however, remained high at follow-up. We conclude that similar programs applied in other settings have the potential to rapidly scale up use of ORS and zinc. Additional efforts are required to reduce persistent incorrect antibiotic use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.