ReviewAnnals of biomedical engineering2016
A Review of Safety and Design Requirements of the Artificial Pancreas.
Review in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Closed-Loop Bioelectronic Artificial Pancreas Patch for Continuous Monitoring and Regulation of Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rats and Pigs.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Validation in diabetic rats of a fully automated insulin delivery system based on impulsive offset-free MPC control.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of open-source Android artificial pancreas systems for glucose management in patients with type 1 diabetes: a real-world study.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Real-world glycaemic outcomes in patients with type 1 diabetes using glucose sensors-Experience from a single centre in Dublin.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Predictive Interstitial Glucose Level Classification Models.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: Today, Tomorrow and User Requirements.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Article
- 'Smart' insulin-delivery technologies and intrinsic glucose-responsive insulin analogues.Diabetologia · 2021Review
- Machine learning-based glucose prediction with use of continuous glucose and physical activity monitoring data: The Maastricht Study.PloS one · 2021Observational
- Article
- Adipocyte-derived stem cell-based gene therapy upon adipogenic differentiation on microcarriers attenuates type 1 diabetes in mice.Stem cell research & therapy · 2019Article
- Now Is the Time for a Security and Safety Standard for Consumer Smartphones Controlling Diabetes Devices.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Article
- Development of glucose-responsive 'smart' insulin systems.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2017Review
- Fog Computing and Edge Computing Architectures for Processing Data From Diabetes Devices Connected to the Medical Internet of Things.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As clinical studies with artificial pancreas systems for automated blood glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes move to unsupervised real-life settings, product development will be a focus of companies over the coming years. Directions or requirements regarding safety in the design of an artificial pancreas are, however, lacking. This review aims to provide an overview and discussion of safety and design requirements of the artificial pancreas. We performed a structured literature search based on three search components-type 1 diabetes, artificial pancreas, and safety or design-and extended the discussion with our own experiences in developing artificial pancreas systems. The main hazards of the artificial pancreas are over- and under-dosing of insulin and, in case of a bi-hormonal system, of glucagon or other hormones. For each component of an artificial pancreas and for the complete system we identified safety issues related to these hazards and proposed control measures. Prerequisites that enable the control algorithms to provide safe closed-loop control are accurate and reliable input of glucose values, assured hormone delivery and an efficient user interface. In addition, the system configuration has important implications for safety, as close cooperation and data exchange between the different components is essential.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.