ArticleNature communications2016
Alterations of the human gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis.
4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 717 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
717citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
58.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) of FMP30 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Phase 1b Clinical Trial to Evaluate Feasibility, Safety, Tolerability and Effects on Immune Function
Single-Arm, Non-Randomized, Time Series, Single-Subject Study: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in Multiple Sclerosis
From Mouse to Man: Translating Findings in Mouse Study Into a Human Cohort (Luxembourgish Fiber Cohort: Lux-FiCo)
Role of the Gut Microbiome as Determinant of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis Subjects
Who cites it
717 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,284 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastrointestinal symptoms and disorders in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia muciniphila: driving the multiple sclerosis-a systematic review.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmaco-psychiatry and gut microbiome: a systematic review of effects of psychotropic drugs for bipolar disorder.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Machine learning-based meta-analysis reveals gut microbiome alterations associated with Parkinson's disease.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Intestinal flora was associated with occurrence risk of chronic non-communicable diseases.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in patients with autoimmune neurological diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Research focus and trends of the association between gut microbiota and neuroinflammation.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis identifies common gut microbiota associated with multiple sclerosis.Genome medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Disease-modifying therapies used to treat multiple sclerosis and the gut microbiome: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Bifidobacterium animalis Subsp. Lactis CP-9 on Gut Microbiota and Immune Functions in Healthy Infants.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Trial
- Bile acid metabolites predict multiple sclerosis progression and supplementation is safe in progressive disease.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Trial
- A randomized cross-over trial of prebiotics and probiotics in multiple sclerosis: Trial feasibility, supplement tolerability and symptom abatement.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2024Trial
- Deconfounded, quantitative microbiome profiling identifies robust multiple sclerosis markers and clinical covariate associations.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Antigen-specific activation of gut immune cells drives autoimmune neuroinflammation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Toward regionally equitable precision medicine: microbiota‑associated mechanisms and emerging personalized strategies in multiple sclerosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation BeyondJournal of Korean medical science · 2026Review
- Mucin degradation by Akkermansia muciniphila promotes Alistipes-dependent tryptophan metabolism and Th17-driven autoimmunity.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Difficult relationships between humans and bacteria: associations between multiple sclerosis and the human microbiome.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies microbial and metabolic signatures and drivers of CNS autoimmunity.mSystems · 2026Article
- CAR-T Cell Therapy and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Current Limitations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
657 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
25 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Sushrut JangiAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Roopali GandhiAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Laura M CoxAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Ning LiCenter for Clinical and Translational Metagenomics, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Felipe von GlehnAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1004-7641
Raymond YanAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Bonny PatelAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Maria Antonietta MazzolaAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Shirong LiuAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Bonnie L GlanzAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Sandra CookAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Stephanie TankouAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Fiona StuartAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Kirsy MeloAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Parham NejadAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Kathleen SmithAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Begüm D TopçuoluDepartment of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
James HoldenDepartment of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Pia KivisäkkAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Tanuja ChitnisAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Philip L De JagerAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Francisco J QuintanaAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Georg K GerberCenter for Clinical and Translational Metagenomics, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Lynn BryCenter for Clinical and Translational Metagenomics, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Howard L WeinerAnn Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst · US
Funding
STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN THE ALIMENTARY TRACTP30DK034854 · NIDDK · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI JONATHAN C KAGAN · 1986 to 2026
$32.4MRegulation of CNS AutoimmunityR01AI126880 · NIAID · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI QUINTANA, FRANCISCO J. · 2017 to 2021
$2.1MGut Microbiota in Patients with Multiple SclerosisR01NS087226 · NINDS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI WEINER, HOWARD L · 2014 to 2018
$1.9MRole and Therapeutic Value of AHR in Inflammatory Macrophages during GBMR21NS087867 · NINDS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI QUINTANA, FRANCISCO J., WEINER, HOWARD L · 2014 to 2015
$259kNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI126880NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK034854NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS087226NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS087867
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an important role in immune function and has been implicated in several autoimmune disorders. Here we use 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the gut microbiome in subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS, n=60) and healthy controls (n=43). Microbiome alterations in MS include increases in Methanobrevibacter and Akkermansia and decreases in Butyricimonas, and correlate with variations in the expression of genes involved in dendritic cell maturation, interferon signalling and NF-kB signalling pathways in circulating T cells and monocytes. Patients on disease-modifying treatment show increased abundances of Prevotella and Sutterella, and decreased Sarcina, compared with untreated patients. MS patients of a second cohort show elevated breath methane compared with controls, consistent with our observation of increased gut Methanobrevibacter in MS in the first cohort. Further study is required to assess whether the observed alterations in the gut microbiome play a role in, or are a consequence of, MS pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeAdultBreath TestsCase-Control StudiesFemaleGenes, BacterialHumansImmunomodulationMaleMethaneMiddle AgedMonocytesMultiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-RemittingPhylogenyRNA, Ribosomal, 16ST-LymphocytesMethaneRNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT03594487ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT03975413ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04352231ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05808101ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.