Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27351712›Full record

ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI2017

Reproducibility measurement of glutathione, GABA, and glutamate: Towards in vivo neurochemical profiling of multiple sclerosis with MR spectroscopy at 7T.

Hetty Prinsen, Robin A de Graaf, Graeme F Mason, Daniel Pelletier, Christoph Juchem

Abstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Evaluation of Glutathione TNMR in biomedicine · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Glutamate measurements using edited MRS.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Neuroimaging at 7 Tesla: a pictorial narrative review.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2022
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. In Vivo Brain GSH: MRS Methods and Clinical Applications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hetty PrinsenDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Robin A de GraafDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Graeme F MasonDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Daniel PelletierDepartment of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Christoph JuchemDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Yale University · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
Yale University Clinical and Translational Science Award ProgramUL1TR000142 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHERWIN, ROBERT S · 2012 to 2015
$31.8M
NeurophysiologicP30NS052519 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HYDER, DEWAN SYED FAHMEED · 2007 to 2017
$6.7M
Molecular and Genetic Predictors of Disability Progression in MSR01NS062885 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI PELLETIER, DANIEL · 2009 to 2013
$1.6M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000142NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NINDS NIH HHS P30 NS052519NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS062885
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo determine the reproducibility of a comprehensive single-session measurement of glutathione (GSH), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, and other biochemicals implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the human brain with MATERIALS AND

methodsFive healthy subjects were studied twice in separate 1-hour sessions at 7T. One MS patient was also scanned once. GSH and GABA were measured with J-difference editing using a semilocalized by adiabatic selective refocusing sequence (semi-LASER, TE = 72 msec). A stimulated echo acquisition mode sequence (STEAM, TE = 10 msec) was used to detect glutamate along with the overall biochemical profile. Spectra were quantified with LCModel. Quantification accuracy was assessed through Cramer-Rao lower bounds (CRLB). Reproducibility of the metabolite quantification was tested using coefficients of variation (CoV).

resultsCRLB were ≤7% for GSH, GABA, and glutamate and average CoV of 7.8 ± 3.2%, 9.5 ± 7.0%, and 3.2 ± 1.7% were achieved, respectively. The average test/retest concentration differences at this measurement reproducibility and quantification accuracy were smaller for GABA and glutamate than intersubject variations in metabolite content with CoV ratios of 0.6 and 0.8, respectively. As proof of principle, GSH, GABA, and glutamate were also detected in an MS patient.

conclusionGSH, GABA, glutamate, and other metabolites relevant in MS can be quantified at 7T with high accuracy and reproducibility in a single 1-hour session. This methodology might serve as a clinical research tool to investigate biochemical markers associated with MS. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:187-198.

Indexed as

AdultBiomarkersBrainFemalegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic AcidGlutathioneHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMolecular ImagingMultiple SclerosisNeurotransmitter AgentsProton Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificityBiomarkersgamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic AcidGlutathioneNeurotransmitter Agents7 Teslabrainhumanmagnetic resonance spectroscopymultiple sclerosisreproducibility

Identifiers

PMID27351712
PMCPMC5167659
OpenAlexW2473984363

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.