ArticleJMIR mHealth and uHealth2016
Theory-Based Design and Development of a Socially Connected, Gamified Mobile App for Men About Breastfeeding (Milk Man).
Article in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Digital Parenting Interventions for Fathers of Infants From Conception to the Age of 12 Months: Systematic Review of Mixed Methods Studies.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Conceptual Ambiguity Surrounding Gamification and Serious Games in Health Care: Literature Review and Development of Game-Based Intervention Reporting Guidelines (GAMING).Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Pooled it
- Content and Quality of Infant Feeding Smartphone Apps: Five-Year Update on a Systematic Search and Evaluation.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Pooled it
- Information and Communication Systems to Tackle Barriers to Breastfeeding: Systematic Search and Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the Enjoy-Breastfeeding Mom App on Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes, Self-Efficacy, and Infant Responsiveness Among Thai Adolescent Mothers: A Three-Arm Randomised Controlled Trial.Maternal & child nutrition · 2026Trial
- Development and feasibility of a mobile phone application designed to support physically inactive employees to increase walking.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2021Trial
- Improving Breastfeeding by Empowering Mothers in Vietnam: A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Mobile App.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Co-Designing an Infant Early Childhood Mental Health Mobile App for Early Childhood Education Teachers' Professional Development: Community-Based Participatory Research Approach.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Promoting vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (vilpa) in middle-aged adults: an evaluation of the movsnax mobile app.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Designing Child Nutrition Interventions to Engage Fathers: Qualitative Analysis of Interviews and Co-Design Workshops.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2024Article
- Exploring Maternal and Infant Health App Development and Effectiveness Research: Scoping Review.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2024Article
- Rapid Design of a Student-Centred App for Musculoskeletal Clinical Skills: An Example of a Theoretically Informed Approach to Developing Apps for Learning.Perspectives on medical education · 2024Article
- Article
- A Novel Mobile App for Personalized Dietary Advice Leveraging Persuasive Technology, Computer Vision, and Cloud Computing: Development and Usability Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Investigating Maternal Perspectives of Breastfeeding Support Targeted Towards Fathers in the Milk Man Mobile App Intervention.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Development of "LvL UP 1.0": a smartphone-based, conversational agent-delivered holistic lifestyle intervention for the prevention of non-communicable diseases and common mental disorders.Frontiers in digital health · 2023Article
- Mother's Milk Messaging™: trial evaluation of app and texting for breastfeeding support.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Intervention Mapping of a Gamified Therapy Prescription App for Children With Disabilities: User-Centered Design Approach.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2022Article
- Measuring User Engagement with a Socially Connected, Gamified Health Promotion Mobile App.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Mobile Phone Applications to Support Breastfeeding Among African-American Women: a Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding, <15% of Australian babies are exclusively breastfed to the recommended 6 months. The support of the father is one of the most important factors in breastfeeding success, and targeting breastfeeding interventions to the father has been a successful strategy in previous research. Mobile technology offers unique opportunities to engage and reach populations to enhance health literacy and healthy behavior.
objectiveThe objective of our study was to use previous research, formative evaluation, and behavior change theory to develop the first evidence-based breastfeeding app targeted at men. We designed the app to provide men with social support and information aiming to increase the support men can offer their breastfeeding partners.
methodsWe used social cognitive theory to design and develop the Milk Man app through stages of formative research, testing, and iteration. We held focus groups with new and expectant fathers (n=18), as well as health professionals (n=16), and used qualitative data to inform the design and development of the app. We tested a prototype with fathers (n=4) via a think-aloud study and the completion of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).
resultsFathers and health professionals provided input through the focus groups that informed the app development. The think-aloud walkthroughs identified 6 areas of functionality and usability to be addressed, including the addition of a tutorial, increased size of text and icons, and greater personalization. Testers rated the app highly, and the average MARS score for the app was 4.3 out of 5.
conclusionsTo our knowledge, Milk Man is the first breastfeeding app targeted specifically at men. The development of Milk Man followed a best practice approach, including the involvement of a multidisciplinary team and grounding in behavior change theory. It tested well with end users during development. Milk Man is currently being trialed as part of the Parent Infant Feeding Initiative (ACTRN12614000605695).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.