ReviewMolecular neurobiology2017
The Role of the Microbial Metabolites Including Tryptophan Catabolites and Short Chain Fatty Acids in the Pathophysiology of Immune-Inflammatory and Neuroimmune Disease.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 152 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 289 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global trends and future perspectives in autism spectrum disorder and gut microbiota research: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Dietary Patterns on Migraine Management: Mechanisms of Action and Recent Literature Insights.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Association of skipping breakfast with depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effectiveness of PsychobioticNutrients · 2024Trial
- Trial
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- Influence of diet on acute endocannabinoidome mediator levels post exercise in active women, a crossover randomized study.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- The gut microbiome is associated with brain structure and function in schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- A Microbial Signature of Psychological Distress in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Psychosomatic medicine · 2018Trial
- A microbiota-substrate-metabolite-target network suggests AKT1-associated links between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and osteoporosis.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Metabolic shifts driven by host-microbial interactions.The FEBS journal · 2026Review
- Vibrio cholerae-synthesized tryptophan activates innate immune signaling in enteroendocrine cells via phosphorylation of the nuclear receptor ultraspiracle.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiome Changes in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Sheep-derived probiotics alleviate weaning-induced oxidative stress in lambs via the gut-liver axis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Distinct Gut Microbial Signatures and Diminished Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Schizophrenia With Immune Activation.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Dependent Neuroimmune Regulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathogenesis.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive Review of the Gut-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Potential Therapies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tryptophan Metabolism and Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonists in the Gut Microbiome of People With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Ventromedial hypothalamus IL-6 signaling mediates the excessive aggressive behavior induced by late-gestational sleep deprivation in male mice.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2026Article
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a growing awareness that gut commensal metabolites play a major role in host physiology and indeed the pathophysiology of several illnesses. The composition of the microbiota largely determines the levels of tryptophan in the systemic circulation and hence, indirectly, the levels of serotonin in the brain. Some microbiota synthesize neurotransmitters directly, e.g., gamma-amino butyric acid, while modulating the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and norepinephrine, and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). The composition of the microbiota determines the levels and nature of tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) which in turn has profound effects on aryl hydrocarbon receptors, thereby influencing epithelial barrier integrity and the presence of an inflammatory or tolerogenic environment in the intestine and beyond. The composition of the microbiota also determines the levels and ratios of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate and propionate. Butyrate is a key energy source for colonocytes. Dysbiosis leading to reduced levels of SCFAs, notably butyrate, therefore may have adverse effects on epithelial barrier integrity, energy homeostasis, and the T helper 17/regulatory/T cell balance. Moreover, dysbiosis leading to reduced butyrate levels may increase bacterial translocation into the systemic circulation. As examples, we describe the role of microbial metabolites in the pathophysiology of diabetes type 2 and autism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.