ArticleCell reports2016
GSK-3 and CK2 Kinases Converge on Timeless to Regulate the Master Clock.
Article in Cell reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Splicing of a core circadian clock gene regulates seasonal adaptations by a winter gating mechanism.Science advances · 2026Article
- Chemical biology approaches to study and target circadian clocks and their components.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- Post-Translational Modifications in Animal Circadian Clocks.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Disordered but rhythmic-the role of intrinsic protein disorder in eukaryotic circadian timing.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- Splicing of a core clock gene regulates seasonal adaptations by a winter gating mechanism.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Neuropeptide dynamics coordinate layered plasticity mechanisms adaptingScience advances · 2025Article
- Coevolution ofiScience · 2025Article
- Alternative splicing ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Alternative splicing ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The Function, Regulation, and Mechanism of Protein Turnover in Circadian Systems inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling in aging.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Article
- Functional analysis of 110 phosphorylation sites on the circadian clock protein FRQ identifies clusters determining period length and temperature compensation.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- CLOCK and TIMELESS regulate rhythmic occupancy of the BRAHMA chromatin-remodeling protein at clock gene promoters.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Ubiquitin proteasome system in circadian rhythm and sleep homeostasis: Lessons from Drosophila.Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms · 2022Review
- Systematic modeling-driven experiments identify distinct molecular clockworks underlying hierarchically organized pacemaker neurons.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Roles of peripheral clocks: lessons from the fly.FEBS letters · 2022Review
- Time-course RNASeq of Camponotus floridanus forager and nurse ant brains indicate links between plasticity in the biological clock and behavioral division of labor.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- PERIOD Phosphoclusters Control Temperature Compensation of theFrontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The molecular clock relies on a delayed negative feedback loop of transcriptional regulation to generate oscillating gene expression. Although the principal components of the clock are present in all circadian neurons, different neuronal clusters have varying effects on rhythmic behavior, suggesting that the clocks they house are differently regulated. Combining biochemical and genetic techniques in Drosophila, we identify a phosphorylation program native to the master pacemaker neurons that regulates the timing of nuclear accumulation of the Period/Timeless repressor complex. GSK-3/SGG binds and phosphorylates Period-bound Timeless, triggering a CK2-mediated phosphorylation cascade. Mutations that block the hierarchical phosphorylation of Timeless in vitro also delay nuclear accumulation in both tissue culture and in vivo and predictably change rhythmic behavior. This two-kinase phosphorylation cascade is anatomically restricted to the eight master pacemaker neurons, distinguishing the regulatory mechanism of the molecular clock within these neurons from the other clocks that cooperate to govern behavioral rhythmicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.