ArticleScientific reports2016
Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of calpain-mediated BAX cleavage attenuates Japanese encephalitis virus-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Calpastatin, a calpain specific inhibitor, reduce seizures in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Analysis of the serum proteome profile of wild stump-tailed macaques (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Calpain-2 protein influencesFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Inflammatory monocytes and microglia play independent roles in inflammatory ictogenesis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Molecular Mechanisms in the Genesis of Seizures and Epilepsy Associated With Viral Infection.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Article
- Zika virus exposure affects neuron-glia communication in the hippocampal slices of adult rats.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Calpain activation and neuronal death during early epileptogenesis.Neurobiology of disease · 2019Article
- Viral Triggers and Inflammatory Mechanisms in Pediatric Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- Chemokine receptors CCR2 and CX3CR1 regulate viral encephalitis-induced hippocampal damage but not seizures.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Neuronal CCL2 expression drives inflammatory monocyte infiltration into the brain during acute virus infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- Complement Components Are Expressed by Infiltrating Macrophages/Activated Microglia Early Following Viral Infection.Viral immunology · 2017Article
- Calpain inhibition as a possible new therapeutic target in multiple sclerosis.AIMS molecular science · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neurologic complications associated with viral encephalitis, including seizures and cognitive impairment, are a global health issue, especially in children. We previously showed that hippocampal injury during acute picornavirus infection in mice is associated with calpain activation and is the result of neuronal death triggered by brain-infiltrating inflammatory monocytes. We therefore hypothesized that treatment with a calpain inhibitor would protect neurons from immune-mediated bystander injury. C57BL/6J mice infected with the Daniel's strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus were treated with the FDA-approved drug ritonavir using a dosing regimen that resulted in plasma concentrations within the therapeutic range for calpain inhibition. Ritonavir treatment significantly reduced calpain activity in the hippocampus, protected hippocampal neurons from death, preserved cognitive performance, and suppressed seizure escalation, even when therapy was initiated 36 hours after disease onset. Calpain inhibition by ritonavir may be a powerful tool for preserving neurons and cognitive function and preventing neural circuit dysregulation in humans with neuroinflammatory disorders.
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