ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2016
The annual Hajj pilgrimage-minimizing the risk of ill health in pilgrims from Europe and opportunity for driving the best prevention and health promotion guidelines.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension among Hajj Pilgrims: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- From Pandemic Response to Kill the Clipboard: Patient-Controlled Sharing of Health Data Using International Patient Summary (IPS) and QR codes.Applied clinical informatics · 2026Article
- Speeding up respiratory diagnosis: clinical drivers, barriers, and system readiness for rapid molecular point-of-care testing in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Falls Among Younger and Older Adult Pilgrims During the Hajj Mass Gathering: An Age-Stratified Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Considering Islamic Frameworks to Infectious Disease Prevention.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Medication Adherence Among Pilgrims with Chronic Diseases at Hajj 2024.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and economic burden of end-stage kidney disease by age, gender, and province among Iranian Hajj pilgrims in 2012-22: a retrospective study of 469,581 participants.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- The Need for a Travel Medicine Diploma in Saudi Arabia: Addressing National and Global Health Priorities.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Review
- Time trend of measles burden on children and adolescents in BRICS-plus countries from 1990 to 2021 and prediction to 2032.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Diseases among Iranian Hajj Pilgrims from 2012 to 2022: Prevalence, Trends, and Economic Perspective.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2024Article
- Experiences of Indonesian nurses as Hajj health personnel in caring for Hajj pilgrims: A qualitative study.Belitung nursing journal · 2024Article
- Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance among Pilgrims with Infectious Diseases during Hajj: Lessons Learnt from COVID-19 Pandemic.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Public Health Challenges in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Heat-related illnesses in a mass gathering event and the necessity for newer diagnostic criteria: a field study.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Pattern of Respiratory Viruses among Pilgrims during 2019 Hajj Season Who Sought Healthcare Due to Severe Respiratory Symptoms.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Pain Among Pilgrims During the Hajj.Journal of pain research · 2021Article
- Assessment of Preventative Measures Practice among Umrah Pilgrims in Saudi Arabia, 1440H-2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- COVID-19 and the scaled-down 2020 Hajj Pilgrimage-Decisive, logical and prudent decision making by Saudi authorities overcomes pre-Hajj public health concerns.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Article
- COVID-19 and the scaled-down 2020 Hajj Pilgrimage - Decisive, logical and prudent decision making by Saudi authorities overcomes pre-Hajj public health concerns.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mass gatherings at religious events can pose major public health challenges, particularly the transmission of infectious diseases. Every year the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) hosts the Hajj pilgrimage, the largest gathering held on an annual basis where over 2 million people come to KSA from over 180 countries. Living together in crowded conditions exposes the pilgrims and the local population to a range infectious diseases. Respiratory and gastrointestinal tract bacterial and viral infections can spread rapidly and affect attendees of mass gatherings. Lethal infectious disease outbreaks were common during Hajj in the 19th and 20th centuries although they have now been controlled to a great extent by the huge investments made by the KSA into public health prevention and surveillance programs. The KSA provides regular updated Hajj travel advice and health regulations through international public health agencies such as the WHO, Public Health England, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Hajj travel agencies. During the Hajj, an additional 25 000 health workers are deployed; there are eight hospitals in Makkah and Mina complete with state-of-the-art surgical wards and intensive care units made specifically available for pilgrims. All medical facilities offer high quality of care, and services are offered free to Hajj pilgrims to ensure the risks of ill health to all pilgrims and KSA residents are minimal. A summary of the key health issues that arise in pilgrims from Europe during Hajj and of the KSA Hajj guidelines, together with other factors that may play a role in reducing the risks to pilgrims and to wider global health security, is provided herein.
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