ReviewPharmacological reviews2016
Molecular Pharmacology of δ-Opioid Receptors.
Review in Pharmacological reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed.
- The relationship between the level of μ-opioid receptor (μORs) and postoperative analgesic use in patients undergoing septoplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2020Trial
- PN6047 Demonstrates Broad Preclinical Efficacy in Headache Models as a Novel Delta-Opioid Receptor Agonist.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Pain Management in Italian Elite Athletes: Trends in the Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), Glucocorticoids, and Narcotics in Anti-Doping Reports (2013-2023).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The delta-opioid receptor: a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- From gluten to therapeutics: molecular mechanisms of celiac disease and emerging alternatives to the gluten-free diet.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2025/26: G protein-coupled receptors.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Review
- An engineered trafficking biosensor reveals a role for DNAJC13 in DOR downregulation.Nature chemical biology · 2025Article
- Molecular and cellular basis of mu-opioid receptor signaling: mechanisms underlying tolerance and dependence development.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Cryo-EM structure of small-molecule agonist bound delta opioid receptor-GNature communications · 2024Article
- Location-biased activation of the proton-sensor GPR65 is uncoupled from receptor trafficking.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Receptor expression and signaling properties in the brain, and structural ligand motifs that contribute to delta opioid receptor agonist-induced seizures.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Molecular and Epigenetic Aspects of Opioid Receptors in Drug Addiction and Pain Management in Sport.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Compartment-Specific Activation of the Proton-Sensor GPR65 is Uncoupled from Receptor Trafficking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Gluten Exorphins Promote Cell Proliferation through the Activation of Mitogenic and Pro-Survival Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Novel Therapeutic Targets for Migraine.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Distribution of delta and mu opioid receptor mRNA in rodent dorsal root ganglia neurons.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Article
- Opportunities and Challenges for In Silico Drug Discovery at Delta Opioid Receptors.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Delta opioid receptors on nociceptive sensory neurons mediate peripheral endogenous analgesia in colitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Opioid Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Neurotransmission in the Brain.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Opioids are among the most effective analgesics available and are the first choice in the treatment of acute severe pain. However, partial efficacy, a tendency to produce tolerance, and a host of ill-tolerated side effects make clinically available opioids less effective in the management of chronic pain syndromes. Given that most therapeutic opioids produce their actions via µ-opioid receptors (MOPrs), other targets are constantly being explored, among which δ-opioid receptors (DOPrs) are being increasingly considered as promising alternatives. This review addresses DOPrs from the perspective of cellular and molecular determinants of their pharmacological diversity. Thus, DOPr ligands are examined in terms of structural and functional variety, DOPrs' capacity to engage a multiplicity of canonical and noncanonical G protein-dependent responses is surveyed, and evidence supporting ligand-specific signaling and regulation is analyzed. Pharmacological DOPr subtypes are examined in light of the ability of DOPr to organize into multimeric arrays and to adopt multiple active conformations as well as differences in ligand kinetics. Current knowledge on DOPr targeting to the membrane is examined as a means of understanding how these receptors are especially active in chronic pain management. Insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms of pharmacological diversity should guide the rational design of more effective, longer-lasting, and better-tolerated opioid analgesics for chronic pain management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.