ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology2016
Dose dependency of outcomes of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy in new rabbit empyema models.
Article in American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The LTI-01-2001 phase 2a trial of intrapleural LTI-01 in patients with infected, non-draining pleural effusions.Respiratory research · 2026Trial
- Biological effect of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and DNase intrapleural delivery in pleural infection patients.BMJ open respiratory research · 2019Trial
- Optimized TELIP, an Echogenic Liposomal Nano-Carrier Loaded with Alteplase for Preclinical Studies.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Plasminogen supplementation improves lysis of inflammatory retained traumatic hemothorax.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2026Article
- INHIBITING THE INHIBITOR: WOULD TARGETING PAI-1 RESULT IN A LOW-DOSE, WELL-TOLERATED TREATMENT OF EMPYEMA?Biomedical sciences instrumentation · 2025Article
- UTILITY OF CHEST ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN QUANTIFYING CLOT AND PLEURAL EFFUSION VOLUME IN PRECLINICAL MODELS OF PLEURAL DISEASE.Biomedical sciences instrumentation · 2025Article
- Pleural Space Diseases and Their Management: What is the Role of Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy?The American surgeon · 2025Review
- Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Interventions for Retained Hemothoraces in Rabbits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A Novel Rabbit Model of Retained Hemothorax with Pleural Organization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Targeting the PAI-1 Mechanism with a Small Peptide Increases the Efficacy of Alteplase in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Empyema.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- The Biological Role of Pleural Fluid PAI-1 and Sonographic Septations in Pleural Infection: Analysis of a Prospectively Collected Clinical Outcome Study.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Observational
- Management of Pleural Infection.Pulmonary therapy · 2021Review
- Precision targeting of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mechanism increases efficacy of fibrinolytic therapy in empyema.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- The Contribution of the Urokinase Plasminogen Activator and the Urokinase Receptor to Pleural and Parenchymal Lung Injury and Repair: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- From Bedside to the Bench-A Call for Novel Approaches to Prognostic Evaluation and Treatment of Empyema.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- suPAR Surprises as a Biomarker of Invasive Outcomes in Pleural Infection.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2020Article
- Perfluorochemical-facilitated plasminogen activator delivery to the airways: A novel treatment for inhalational smoke-induced acute lung injury.Clinical and translational medicine · 2020Article
- Increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is associated with depression and depressive phenotype in C57Bl/6J mice.Experimental brain research · 2019Article
- Phase 1 trial of intrapleural LTI-01; single chain urokinase in complicated parapneumonic effusions or empyema.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Lack of durable protection against cotton smoke-induced acute lung injury in sheep by nebulized single chain urokinase plasminogen activator or tissue plasminogen activator.Clinical and translational medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The incidence of empyema (EMP) is increasing worldwide; EMP generally occurs with pleural loculation and impaired drainage is often treated with intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) or surgery. A number of IPFT options are used clinically with empiric dosing and variable outcomes in adults. To evaluate mechanisms governing intrapleural fibrinolysis and disease outcomes, models of Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus pneumoniae were generated in rabbits and the animals were treated with either human tissue (tPA) plasminogen activator or prourokinase (scuPA). Rabbit EMP was characterized by the development of pleural adhesions detectable by chest ultrasonography and fibrinous coating of the pleura. Similar to human EMP, rabbits with EMP accumulated sizable, 20- to 40-ml fibrinopurulent pleural effusions associated with extensive intrapleural organization, significantly increased pleural thickness, suppression of fibrinolytic and plasminogen-activating activities, and accumulation of high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, plasminogen, and extracellular DNA. IPFT with tPA (0.145 mg/kg) or scuPA (0.5 mg/kg) was ineffective in rabbit EMP (n = 9 and 3 for P. multocida and S. pneumoniae, respectively); 2 mg/kg tPA or scuPA IPFT (n = 5) effectively cleared S. pneumoniae-induced EMP collections in 24 h with no bleeding observed. Although intrapleural fibrinolytic activity for up to 40 min after IPFT was similar for effective and ineffective doses of fibrinolysin, it was lower for tPA than for scuPA treatments. These results demonstrate similarities between rabbit and human EMP, the importance of pleural fluid PAI-1 activity, and levels of plasminogen in the regulation of intrapleural fibrinolysis and illustrate the dose dependency of IPFT outcomes in EMP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.