SynthesisKidney international2016
APOL1 renal-risk variants associate with reduced cerebral white matter lesion volume and increased gray matter volume.
Synthesis in Kidney international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intensive Blood Pressure Management Preserves Functional Connectivity in Patients with Hypertension from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Randomized Trial.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Proteome Profiling of Serum Reveals Pathological Mechanisms and Biomarker Candidates for Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Racial Disparities in Hospitalization Rates During Long-Term Follow-Up After Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplantation.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Crosstalk of kidney and brain in diabetes-related cognitive impairment and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- The metabolic effects of APOL1 in humans.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2023Review
- The Contribution of Kidney Disease to Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2020Review
- The Impact of APOL1 on Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertension.Advances in chronic kidney disease · 2019Review
- Article
- APOL1, CDKN2A/CDKN2B, and HDAC9 polymorphisms and small vessel ischemic stroke.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2018Article
- Association BetweenJournal of the American Heart Association · 2017Article
- Hypertension in African Americans.Current cardiology reports · 2017Review
- APOL1 Gene Kidney Risk Variants and Cardiovascular Disease: Getting to the Heart of the Matter.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2017Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To assess apolipoprotein L1 gene (APOL1) renal-risk-variant effects on the brain, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based cerebral volumes and cognitive function were assessed in 517 African American-Diabetes Heart Study (AA-DHS) Memory IN Diabetes (MIND) and 2568 hypertensive African American Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) participants without diabetes. Within these cohorts, 483 and 197 had cerebral MRI, respectively. AA-DHS participants were characterized as follows: 60.9% female, mean age of 58.6 years, diabetes duration 13.1 years, estimated glomerular filtration rate of 88.2 ml/min/1.73 m(2), and a median spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio of 10.0 mg/g. In additive genetic models adjusting for age, sex, ancestry, scanner, intracranial volume, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, statins, nephropathy, smoking, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, APOL1 renal-risk-variants were positively associated with gray matter volume (β = 3.4 × 10(-3)) and negatively associated with white matter lesion volume (β = -0.303) (an indicator of cerebral small vessel disease) and cerebrospinal fluid volume (β= -30707) (all significant), but not with white matter volume or cognitive function. Significant associations corresponding to adjusted effect sizes (β/SE) were observed with gray matter volume (0.16) and white matter lesion volume (-0.208), but not with cerebrospinal fluid volume (-0.251). Meta-analysis results with SPRINT Memory and Cognition in Decreased Hypertension (MIND) participants who had cerebral MRI were confirmatory. Thus, APOL1 renal-risk-variants are associated with larger gray matter volume and lower white matter lesion volume suggesting lower intracranial small vessel disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.