ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
The Nature of Exposure Drives Transmission of Nipah Viruses from Malaysia and Bangladesh in Ferrets.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-mortem surveillance: an innovative strategy to detect and prevent spread of Nipah virus infection in humans.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Hendra and Nipah viruses: Biosafety evidence for risk-based containment, inactivation practices, and one health preparedness.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Nipah Virus: A Neurotropic Zoonosis-From Molecular Biology to Clinical Manifestations and Translational Advances.Viruses · 2026Review
- Nipah virus Malaysia and Bangladesh strain-induced pathogenesis in mice lacking type I interferon receptor signaling.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- Emerging Vector-Borne Nipah Virus Infection: Unexplored Hazards, Diagnostic Challenges, and the Potential of Phytomedicine-Based Therapeutics.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Large-particle aerosol exposure to the Bangladesh or Malaysia strain of Nipah virus results in markedly divergent disease presentation in African Green Monkeys.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Antigenic and structural insights into Langya henipavirus attachment glycoprotein.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Nipah virus vaccines evaluated in pigs as a 'One Health' approach to protect public health.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Laboratory Diagnosis of Hendra and Nipah: Two Emerging Zoonotic Diseases with One Health Significance.Viruses · 2025Review
- Nipah virus: pathogenesis, genome, diagnosis, and treatment.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Association Between Deforestation and the Incidence of Snakebites in South Korea.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- An Updated Review on Nipah Virus Infection with a Focus on Encephalitis, Vasculitis, and Therapeutic Approaches.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention.Frontiers of medicine · 2024Review
- Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies for Potential Outbreaks of Nipah Virus Infection: Evidenced by the Recent Incidences in Southeast Asian Countries.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity and Neutralization of Recombinant Vaccine Candidates Expressing F and G Glycoproteins against Nipah Virus.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Pandemic potential of the Nipah virus and public health strategies adopted during outbreaks: Lessons from Kerala, India.PLOS global public health · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Person-to-person transmission is a key feature of human Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh. In contrast, in an outbreak of Nipah virus in Malaysia, people acquired infections from pigs. It is not known whether this important epidemiological difference is driven primarily by differences between NiV Bangladesh (NiV-BD) and Malaysia (NiV-MY) at a virus level, or by environmental or host factors. In a time course study, ferrets were oronasally exposed to equivalent doses of NiV-BD or NiV-MY. More rapid onset of productive infection and higher levels of virus replication in respiratory tract tissues were seen for NiV-BD compared to NiV-MY, corroborating our previous report of increased oral shedding of NiV-BD in ferrets and suggesting a contributory mechanism for increased NiV-BD transmission between people compared to NiV-MY. However, we recognize that transmission occurs within a social and environmental framework that may have an important and differentiating role in NiV transmission rates. With this in mind, ferret-to-ferret transmission of NiV-BD and NiV-MY was assessed under differing viral exposure conditions. Transmission was not identified for either virus when naïve ferrets were cohoused with experimentally-infected animals. In contrast, all naïve ferrets developed acute infection following assisted and direct exposure to oronasal fluid from animals that were shedding either NiV-BD or NiV-MY. Our findings for ferrets indicate that, although NiV-BD may be shed at higher levels than NiV-MY, transmission risk may be equivalently low under exposure conditions provided by cohabitation alone. In contrast, active transfer of infected bodily fluids consistently results in transmission, regardless of the virus strain. These observations suggest that the risk of NiV transmission is underpinned by social and environmental factors, and will have practical implications for managing transmission risk during outbreaks of human disease.
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