ArticleHealth & justice
Gender and race disparities in weight gain among offenders prescribed antidepressant and antipsychotic medications.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change.BMJ open · 2020Pooled it
- Do sex and gender matter in the pharmacological treatment of depression?Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Determinants of antipsychotic prescription in women detainees admitted to an acute forensic psychiatric unit.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Social Media Usage and Advertising Food-Related Content: Influence on Dietary Choices of Gen Z.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Deciphering the Antidepressant Potential of Piper betle L. Essential Oil and Its Inclusion Complex: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Insights.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Assessment of Satisfaction with Health Services among Prisoners-Descriptive Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The association between weight-promoting medication use and weight gain in postmenopausal women: findings from the Women's Health Initiative.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Observational
- Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients Receiving Antipsychotics: A Retrospective Study.Community mental health journal · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStudies have found that antipsychotics and antidepressants are associated with weight gain and obesity, particularly among women and some minority groups. Incarcerated populations (also referred to as offenders, prisoners or inmates) have a high prevalence of mental health problems and 15 % of offenders have been prescribed medications. Despite rates of antidepressant and antipsychotic use, investigations of weight gain and obesity in regard to these agents seldom have included offenders.
methodsThis retrospective descriptive study (2005-2011) was conducted with a Department of Corrections in the east south central United States to investigate the relationship between antidepressant and antipsychotic agents, weight gain, obesity and race or gender differences. We sampled adult offenders who had an active record, at least two weight observations and height data. Offenders were classified into one of four mutually exclusive groups depending upon the type of medication they were prescribed: antidepressants, antipsychotics, other medications or no pharmacotherapy.
resultsThe sample population for this study was 2728, which was 25.2 % of the total population. The population not on pharmacotherapy had the lowest baseline obesity rate (31.7 %) compared to offenders prescribed antipsychotics (43.6 %), antidepressants (43.6 %) or other medications (45.1 %). Offenders who were prescribed antidepressants or antipsychotics gained weight that was significantly different from zero,
conclusionThis study found that women and men offenders prescribed antidepressant or antipsychotic agents gained weight during their incarceration. Women prescribed antidepressants gained significantly more weight than men. However, there was no significant difference in weight gain between African Americans and Whites. Results suggest further investigation is needed to understand the effect of medication history, metabolic syndrome and to explain gender disparities.
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