ReviewISRN molecular biology2012
The Dual Role of TGFβ in Human Cancer: From Tumor Suppression to Cancer Metastasis.
Review in ISRN molecular biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 232 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
232 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 336 citations in OpenAlex.
- AXIN2 variants, tooth agenesis, and cancer risk: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Prostate cancer metastasis and health disparities: a systematic review.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for melanoma refractory to immune-checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer science · 2021Trial
- GDF11 upregulation independently predicts shorter overall-survival of uveal melanoma.PloS one · 2019Trial
- The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer: from composition to therapeutic targeting.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Conserved Pathways, Divergent Outcomes: A Cross-Species Genomic Perspective on the Cancer-Neurodegeneration Paradox.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Margin of Error: The Emerging Role of Field Cancerization in Predicting Recurrence Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting Androgen Receptor as a Novel Radiosensitizing Therapy to Improve Long-Term Survival and Anti-tumor Immunity in Glioblastoma via TGF-β/Smad3 Axis Reprogramming.Research square · 2026Article
- Selective blockade of latent TGF-β1 activation suppresses tissue fibrosis with good safety.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- A prevalent disease-associated SNP in the humanNAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- The central role of IL-6 in the differential effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists and metformin across multiple health conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Neurobiological Mechanisms of Cancer Growth.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Challenges in the Immune System: Mesoscale and Mesoregime Complexity.Cancer innovation · 2025Article
- Review
- Activin A affects colorectal cancer progression and immunomodulation in a stage dependent manner.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Radiotherapy as salvage therapy and an adjunct to immunotherapy: exploring local and abscopal mechanisms to overcome immunotherapy resistance: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Review
- Canonical and noncanonical NOTCH signaling in the nongenetic resistance of cancer: distinct and concerted control.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Recent advances in therapeutic use of transforming growth factor-beta inhibitors in cancer and fibrosis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Research status and prospects of molecular pathological mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets of osteosarcoma: a systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- The Function of the TGFβ Signaling Pathway in Connective Tissue Diseases: From Biology to Clinical Application.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
172 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily encompasses widespread and evolutionarily conserved polypeptide growth factors that regulate and orchestrate growth and differentiation in all cell types and tissues. While they regulate asymmetric cell division and cell fate determination during early development and embryogenesis, TGFβ family members play a major regulatory role in hormonal and immune responses, cell growth, cell death and cell immortalization, bone formation, tissue remodeling and repair, and erythropoiesis throughout adult life. The biological and physiological functions of TGFβ, the founding member of this family, and its receptors are of central importance to human diseases, particularly cancer. By regulating cell growth, death, and immortalization, TGFβ signaling pathways exert tumor suppressor effects in normal cells and early carcinomas. Thus, it is not surprising that a high number of human tumors arise due to mutations or deletions in the genes coding for the various TGFβ signaling components. As tumors develop and progress, these protective and cytostatic effects of TGFβ are often lost. TGFβ signaling then switches to promote cancer progression, invasion, and tumor metastasis. The molecular mechanisms underlying this dual role of TGFβ in human cancer will be discussed in depth in this paper, and it will highlight the challenge and importance of developing novel therapeutic strategies specifically aimed at blocking the prometastatic arm of the TGFβ signaling pathway without affecting its tumor suppressive effects.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.