Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27340270›Full record

ReviewCirculation research2016

The Biological Basis for Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction: From Inflammation to Fibrosis.

Sumanth D Prabhu, Nikolaos G Frangogiannis

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Circulation research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 1,357 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1,357citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05531955 phase2unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

A Study of Pirfenidone in the Treatment of Myocardial Fibrosis After Acute Myocardial Infarction: a Phase II Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind,Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorShanghai Zhongshan HospitalRan2022 to 2024Enrolled100ConditionsMyocardial FibrosisArmsPirfenidone Oral Capsule, Placebo Oral Capsule
NCT06299176 phase1enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Phase 1 Feasibility and Safety of Whole Heart Radiotherapy for End-stage Heart Failure: First In-human Treatments

TypeinterventionalSponsorMcGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreRan2025 to 2026Enrolled6ConditionsHeart Failure NYHA Class III, Heart Failure NYHA Class IV, End-stage Heart Failure, Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection FractionArmsWhole Heart Radiation Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1,357 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Thromborepair: the tissue repair partner to thromboinflammation.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Optimized cardiac leukocyte isolation for flow cytometry enumeration and sorting.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Simultaneous 3-D Adiabatic TNMR in biomedicine · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Timed metabolic repair after myocardial infarction.Nature cardiovascular research · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Collagen Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase: An Emerging Key Player in Cardiac Fibrosis.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

1,297 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Sumanth D PrabhuFrom the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Medical Service, Birmingham VAMC (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (N.G.F.).
Nikolaos G FrangogiannisFrom the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Medical Service, Birmingham VAMC (S.D.P.); and Department of Medicine, The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (N.G.F.). sprabhu@uab.edu nikolaos.frangogiannis@einstein.yu.edu.

Funding

Translational Research CoreP30DK020541 · NIDDK · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI STREAMSON C CHUA · 2015 to 2026
$27.7M
University of Alabama at Birmingham's Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Kirk Michael Habegger · 2013 to 2026
$19.5M
Chemokines in Healing Myocardial InfarctsR01HL076246 · NHLBI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI Nikolaos G Frangogiannis · 2005 to 2026
$9.5M
Resolution of Inflammation in healing Myocardial InfarctsR01HL085440 · NHLBI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI FRANGOGIANNIS, NIKOLAOS G · 2008 to 2025
$8.5M
Splenic Marginal Zone Macrophages in Chronic Ischemic Heart FailureR01HL125735 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI PRABHU, SUMANTH D · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
Role of Regulatory T-Lymphocytes in Chronic Heart FailureI01BX002706 · VA · BIRMINGHAM VA MEDICAL CENTER · PI PRABHU, SUMANTH D · 2015 to 2018
–
BLRD VA I01 BX002706NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL076246NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL085440NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125735NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020541NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In adult mammals, massive sudden loss of cardiomyocytes after infarction overwhelms the limited regenerative capacity of the myocardium, resulting in the formation of a collagen-based scar. Necrotic cells release danger signals, activating innate immune pathways and triggering an intense inflammatory response. Stimulation of toll-like receptor signaling and complement activation induces expression of proinflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and chemokines (such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/ chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 [CCL2]). Inflammatory signals promote adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells, leading to extravasation of neutrophils and monocytes. As infiltrating leukocytes clear the infarct from dead cells, mediators repressing inflammation are released, and anti-inflammatory mononuclear cell subsets predominate. Suppression of the inflammatory response is associated with activation of reparative cells. Fibroblasts proliferate, undergo myofibroblast transdifferentiation, and deposit large amounts of extracellular matrix proteins maintaining the structural integrity of the infarcted ventricle. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and members of the transforming growth factor-β family play an important role in activation of infarct myofibroblasts. Maturation of the scar follows, as a network of cross-linked collagenous matrix is formed and granulation tissue cells become apoptotic. This review discusses the cellular effectors and molecular signals regulating the inflammatory and reparative response after myocardial infarction. Dysregulation of immune pathways, impaired suppression of postinfarction inflammation, perturbed spatial containment of the inflammatory response, and overactive fibrosis may cause adverse remodeling in patients with infarction contributing to the pathogenesis of heart failure. Therapeutic modulation of the inflammatory and reparative response may hold promise for the prevention of postinfarction heart failure.

Indexed as

RegenerationAnimalsCell ProliferationFibrosisHumansInflammationMyocardial InfarctionMyocytes, Cardiacchemokinescytokinesfibrosisimmune cellsinflammationmyocardial infarctionmyocytes, cardiac

Identifiers

PMID27340270
PMCPMC4922528

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.