ArticleBMJ open2016
Smoking and serum vitamin D in older Chinese people: cross-sectional analysis based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Effect of smoking on vitamin D status in the adults of Henan, China: the role of HDL-C and LDL-C.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The impact of psychosocial factors on secondary hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D deficiency in adults with congenital heart disease-the CHD-HYPER study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Determinants and sequelae of smoking: prevalence, incidence, and cessation among male adults in Abu dhabi, United Arab Emirates - a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Status among Older Adults: Data from a Longitudinal Aging Study.International journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Association between Circulating Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin DNutrients · 2022Article
- Smoking Exposure Is Associated with Serum Vitamin D Deficiency in Children: Evidence from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- How competing risks affect the epidemiological relationship between vitamin D and prostate cancer incidence? A population-based study.Andrologia · 2022Article
- Association of Smoking with the Blood Concentration of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Testosterone at High and Low Altitudes.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases-Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Smoking behavior and circulating vitamin D levels in adults: A meta-analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2021Review
- Serum vitamin D is associated with improved lung function markers but not with prevalence of asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Factors associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in older people in Europe: the EUREYE study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- Genetic influence on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in Korean men: a cross-sectional study.Genes & nutrition · 2018Article
- Association of vitamin D deficiency, season of the year, and latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts.PloS one · 2017Article
- Murine Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma Growth Kinetics Are Independent of Dietary Vitamin D Deficiency or Supplementation.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Article
- Asthma phenotype: Clinical, physiological, and biochemical profiles of North Indian patients.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveStudies on serum vitamin D in smokers showed conflicting results. We examined the association of smoking status with serum vitamin D in older Chinese men, taking advantage of a community-based sample with natural exposure to vitamin D.
designCross-sectional study based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS).
settingCommunity-based sample from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
participants612 male participants aged 50+years recruited from 2009 to 2011.
resultsThe mean (SD) of vitamin D concentration was 58.3 (17.2), 57.0 (15.0) and 54.7 (15.4) nmol/L for never, former and current smokers, respectively. Adjusted for multiple confounders, vitamin D decreased from never to former, then to current smokers (P for trend 0.02). Compared to never smokers, current smokers had lower serum concentrations of vitamin D, and the concentrations decreased with the increasing number of cigarettes per day (-3.11 (95% CI -9.05 to 2.82), -3.29 (-8.3 to 1.72) and -4.61 (-8.89 to -0.33) for 1-9, 10-19 and 20+cigarettes per day, respectively; p for trend 0.01), duration of smoking (-1.39 (-6.09 to 3.30) and -5.39 (-9.42 to -1.35) for 1-39 and 40+years, respectively; p for trend 0.008) as well as pack-years (-2.89 (-6.78 to 1.01) and -5.58 (-10.48 to -0.67) for 1-39 and 40+pack-years, respectively; p for trend 0.009). Longer duration of quitting smoking was associated with higher vitamin D than was current smoking (P for trend 0.04).
conclusionsCurrent smokers had lower vitamin D than never smokers, and the association showed a dose-response pattern.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.