ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2016
Addicted? Reduced host resistance in populations with defensive symbionts.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rapid Genomic Adaptation of Drosophila Melanogaster to Wolbachia Elimination.Microbial ecology · 2026Article
- Host Transcriptomics Reveal Reduction in Defence-Reproduction Trade-Offs During Coinfection.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Immune-mediated indirect interaction between gut microbiota and bacterial pathogens.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Wolbachia Offers Protection Against Two Common Natural Viruses of Drosophila.Microbial ecology · 2025Article
- Article
- Microbes are potential key players in the evolution of life histories and aging inEcology and evolution · 2023Article
- Article
- Microbial protection favors parasite tolerance and alters host-parasite coevolutionary dynamics.Current biology : CB · 2022Article
- Wolbachia reduces virus infection in a natural population of Drosophila.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Host microbiota can facilitate pathogen infection.PLoS pathogens · 2021Review
- In Vivo Microbial Coevolution Favors Host Protection and Plastic Downregulation of Immunity.Molecular biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Association with a novel protective microbe facilitates host adaptation to a stressful environment.Evolution letters · 2021Article
- Sex Matters: Effects of Sex and Mating in the Presence and Absence of a Protective Microbe.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- The study of host-microbiome (co)evolution across levels of selection.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Article
- Evolution of animal immunity in the light of beneficial symbioses.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- Evolution and maintenance of microbe-mediated protection under occasional pathogen infection.Ecology and evolution · 2020Article
- Host-shift as the cause of emerging infectious diseases: Experimental approaches using Drosophila-virus interactions.Genetics and molecular biology · 2020Article
- The Antiviral Effects of the Symbiont BacteriaFrontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- The effects ofEcology and evolution · 2019Article
- Contrasting Patterns of Virus Protection and Functional Incompatibility Genes in Two ConspecificApplied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Heritable symbionts that protect their hosts from pathogens have been described in a wide range of insect species. By reducing the incidence or severity of infection, these symbionts have the potential to reduce the strength of selection on genes in the insect genome that increase resistance. Therefore, the presence of such symbionts may slow down the evolution of resistance. Here we investigated this idea by exposing Drosophila melanogaster populations to infection with the pathogenic Drosophila C virus (DCV) in the presence or absence of Wolbachia, a heritable symbiont of arthropods that confers protection against viruses. After nine generations of selection, we found that resistance to DCV had increased in all populations. However, in the presence of Wolbachia the resistant allele of pastrel-a gene that has a major effect on resistance to DCV-was at a lower frequency than in the symbiont-free populations. This finding suggests that defensive symbionts have the potential to hamper the evolution of insect resistance genes, potentially leading to a state of evolutionary addiction where the genetically susceptible insect host mostly relies on its symbiont to fight pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.